Manuscript lens · variant unit

Gal 2:12 — ἦλθον / ἦλθεν

Gal 2:12 · reading in

πρὸ τοῦ γὰρ ἐλθεῖν τινας ἀπὸ Ἰακώβου μετὰ τῶν ἐθνῶν συνήσθιεν· ὅτε δὲ ἦλθον, ὑπέστελλεν καὶ ἀφώριζεν ἑαυτόν, φοβούμενος τοὺς ἐκ περιτομῆς.

BSB: “For before certain men came from James, he used to eat with the Gentiles. But when they arrived, he began to draw back and separate himself, for fear of those in the circumcision group.”

SBLGNT: SBL Greek New Testament (SBLGNT). Copyright 2010 by the Society of Biblical Literature and Logos Bible Software. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://github.com/LogosBible/SBLGNT Apparatus sigla removed for display. · BSB (public domain)

Printed reading

ἦλθον

ēlthon

they came

A · C · Dc · E · H · K · L · P · f · vg · both Syriac versions · cop · arm · go · Chrysostom · Euthalius (codd.) · John of Damascus · Victorinus · Ambrosiaster

SBLGNTWHNA28 🔒︎ByzTR

Alternative 1

ἦλθεν

ēlthen

he came

ℵ · B · D* · F · G · 45 · 73 · d · e · g

Treg

Witnesses by century

Witness-dates timeline: pending sourcing. The dates are not yet backed by a sourced witness registry, so the timeline is hidden; the witnesses for each reading are listed above.

Decision

✓ Approved

Printed: ἦλθον
Confidence: medium (team scale)
Significance: translation
Byz / TR: ἦλθον — open RP2018

Editorial decision: print ἦλθον, with SBLGNT, WH, NA28, RP, and TR. Confidence medium: ℵ B D* support the singular, but the plural fits τινας and has wide support. Says On the printed text the men from James arrived, and Cephas drew back.

Evidence

6 sources

Editions: SBLGNT; RP2018 (Byz); Scrivener 1894 (TR). WH, Treg, and NA28 alignment follows the SBLGNT apparatus; NA28 is cited by reference only. Sigla: corrector notation follows Tischendorf, as explained in src.tischendorf-8.

The unit is the number of the verb in ὅτε δὲ ἦλθον. SBLGNT, WH, NA28, RP, and TR print the plural; Treg prints ἦλθεν.

Manuscripts (Tischendorf 8, vol. 2 (1872), p. 636, leaf n643 (novumtestamentum02tisc)): the octava prints ἦλθον with A C, D in later correctors’ hands, E H K L P and nearly all others, f vg, both Syriac versions, cop, arm, go, Chrysostom, manuscripts of Euthalius, Damascene, Victorinus, and Ambrosiaster. Lachmann reads ἦλθεν with ℵ B D* F G, 45, 73, d e g; Origen paraphrases with “when James came.”

Minor variants (box lines): 2:12 ἀφώριζεν (SBLGNT, RP, TR) / ἀφόριζεν (some witnesses, per Tischendorf); + ὄντας after περιτομῆς (F G); 2:13 καὶ before οἱ λοιποί (SBLGNT, RP, TR; lacking only in the Greek text behind the NIV); 2:9 + μὲν after ἡμεῖς (RP; not TR).

Internal: The singular would make James, or one messenger, the one who came; the plural takes up τινας ἀπὸ Ἰακώβου at the start of the verse. The singular could echo ἦλθεν in 2:11.

SBLGNT CC BY 4.0 RP2018 Unlicense TR (Scrivener 1894) public domain Tischendorf⁸ public domain 🔒︎ NA28 Copyrighted Bible Scholarship & Tool CC BY 4.0

Gal 2:12 — ἦλθον / ἦλθεν

Gal 2:12 · reading in

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