Sources
Licenses and attributions
Reference-only sources (🔒) are cited by locator and never quoted: listed here by name, edition and licence only. Full notices: Credits.
| Source | License | Use | Attribution |
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🔒︎ 1QpHab Copyrighted Pesher Habakkuk (1QpHab), Qumran Cave 1: editio princeps in M. Burrows, J. C. Trever and W. H. Brownlee, The Dead Sea Scrolls of St. Mark's Monastery, vol. 1 (1950) · Editio princeps: Burrows (ed.) with Trever and Brownlee, vol. 1, ASOR, New Haven 1950 (plates and transcription). Archive.org holds it only as lending-library copies (deadseascrollsof0000unse, bwb_P8-ACR-404: access-restricted). Open images: Israel Museum 'Digital Dead Sea Scrolls' (https://dss.collections.imj.org.il/habakkuk, all 13 columns, Ardon Bar-Hama photographs). Standard modern edition: src.ptsdssp-6b (Charlesworth et al. 2002). 1QpHab is not in DJD (see src.djd). | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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2LBC public domain Second London Baptist Confession of Faith (1677; adopted by the General Assembly, London, 1689) | public domain | shown | A Confession of Faith. Put forth by the Elders and Brethren of many Congregations of Christians (baptized upon Profession of their Faith) in London and the Country ([London]: [s.n.], 1677; Wing C5794; ESTC R25352). Text from the EEBO-TCP keyed transcription A34255 (Union Theological Seminary copy, [11], 142 p.), released by the Text Creation Partnership under CC0 1.0. The 1677 text is public domain. link |
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Abbott-Smith public domain Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (1922), TEI edition | public domain | shown | G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (New York: Scribner's, 1922; public domain). TEI markup by Daniel Owens, Dardo Sordi, Chuck Bearden, Patrick Durusau, Jonathan Robie, Stephen Hughes et al., https://github.com/translatable-exegetical-tools/Abbott-Smith link |
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Alford, Greek Testament 2 public domain Henry Alford, The Greek Testament, vol. 2 (Acts–2 Corinthians), 5th ed. (1865) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Henry Alford, The Greek Testament: with a Critically Revised Text, a Digest of Various Readings, Marginal References, Prolegomena, and a Critical and Exegetical Commentary, vol. 2: The Acts of the Apostles, the Epistles to the Romans and Corinthians, 5th ed. (London: Rivingtons; Cambridge: Deighton, Bell, 1865). Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive greektestamentw02alfo (Princeton Theological Seminary Library copy). link |
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🔒︎ Ambrosiaster, Comm. Rom. Copyrighted Ambrosiaster, Commentarius in epistulas Paulinas, pars 1: In epistulam ad Romanos (CSEL 81/1, ed. Vogels, 1966); older text Migne PL 17 · CSEL 81/1: LVI + 503 pp. (ÖAW Verlag product page; Biblioteca Dossetti catalogue). The ÖAW now also offers a free PDF e-book (ISBN 978-3-7001-9452-1, 2023); its licence was not checked, so it is not treated as open. PD alternative: PL 17 (1845), Latin on la.wikisource 'Commentaria in Epistolam ad Romanos (Ambrosiaster)' (Corpus Corporum TEI of Migne 1845), which can be registered as data if a quotation is needed. | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Ambrosiaster, Comm. Rom. (PL 17) public domain Ambrosiaster, Commentaria in epistolam ad Romanos (among the works of Ambrose), Migne PL 17 (Paris, 1845) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | [Ambrosiaster,] Commentaria in XIII epistolas beati Pauli: In epistolam ad Romanos, in J.-P. Migne, Patrologiae cursus completus, Series Latina 17 (Paris, 1845), printed in the appendix to the works of St Ambrose (Maurist text). Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive patrologiae_cursus_completus_lat_vol_017 (Google Books id aOEm_eS_ZOMC; IA licence: Public Domain Mark 1.0). link |
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ANF public domain The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. A. Roberts and J. Donaldson (American ed. A. C. Coxe) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | A. Roberts, J. Donaldson, and A. C. Coxe, eds., The Ante-Nicene Fathers, 10 vols. (Buffalo: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885–1887). Public domain. Online at CCEL; also New Advent. link |
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Clement of Alexandria public domain Clement of Alexandria, works (ANF vol. 2) | public domain | shown | Clement of Alexandria, in The Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 2, ed. A. Roberts, J. Donaldson and A. C. Coxe (1885). Public domain; text at CCEL. link |
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Hippolytus public domain Hippolytus, Against the Heresy of One Noetus (Contra Noetum) (ANF vol. 5) | public domain | shown | Hippolytus, Against the Heresy of One Noetus, trans. S. D. F. Salmond, in The Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 5, ed. A. Roberts, J. Donaldson and A. C. Coxe (Buffalo: Christian Literature Publishing, 1886), pp. 223–231. Public domain; text at CCEL. link |
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Irenaeus public domain Irenaeus, Against Heresies (ANF vol. 1) | public domain | shown | Irenaeus, Against Heresies, trans. Alexander Roberts and W. H. Rambaut, in The Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 1, ed. A. Roberts, J. Donaldson and A. C. Coxe (Buffalo: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). Public domain; text at CCEL. link |
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Justin, Dial. (ANF 1) public domain Justin Martyr, Dialogue with Trypho (ANF vol. 1) | public domain | shown | Justin Martyr, Dialogue with Trypho, trans. Marcus Dods and George Reith, in The Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 1, ed. A. Roberts, J. Donaldson and A. C. Coxe (Buffalo: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). Public domain; text at CCEL. link |
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Origen public domain Origen, Commentary on the Gospel of John (ANF vol. 9) | public domain | shown | Origen, Commentary on the Gospel of John, trans. Allan Menzies, in The Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 9, ed. Allan Menzies (New York: Christian Literature Publishing, 1896). Public domain; text at CCEL. link |
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Tertullian public domain Tertullian, On the Flesh of Christ (De carne Christi) (ANF vol. 3) | public domain | shown | Tertullian, On the Flesh of Christ, trans. Peter Holmes, in The Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 3, ed. A. Roberts, J. Donaldson and A. C. Coxe (Buffalo: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). Public domain; text at CCEL. link |
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Tertullian public domain Tertullian, Against Praxeas (Adversus Praxean) (ANF vol. 3) | public domain | shown | Tertullian, Against Praxeas, trans. Peter Holmes, in The Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 3, ed. A. Roberts, J. Donaldson and A. C. Coxe (Buffalo: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885), pp. 597ff. Public domain; text at CCEL. link |
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Apuleius, Met. (Adlington–Gaselee, LCL) public domain Apuleius, The Golden Ass (Metamorphoses), Latin text with the English translation of W. Adlington (1566), rev. S. Gaselee (Loeb Classical Library, 1915; 1924 printing) | public domain | shown | Apuleius, The Golden Ass, being the Metamorphoses of Lucius Apuleius, with an English translation by W. Adlington (1566), revised by S. Gaselee (Loeb Classical Library; London: William Heinemann; New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons; first printed 1915, reprinted 1919, 1922, 1924). Public domain in the US (published before 1931). Scan: Internet Archive goldenassbeingme00apuluoft (1924 printing). link |
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Aquinas, ST (Dominican tr.) public domain Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica, trans. Fathers of the English Dominican Province (2nd rev. ed., 1920) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | The Summa Theologica of St. Thomas Aquinas, literally translated by Fathers of the English Dominican Province, second and revised edition (London: Burns Oates & Washbourne, 1920–). Public domain in the US (published before 1931). Online: New Advent, CCEL (ccel.org/ccel/aquinas/summa). link |
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Aristotle, Rhet. (Freese) CC BY-SA 3.0 Rhetoric (Aristotle), trans. J. H. Freese | CC BY-SA 3.0 | shown, conditions apply | Aristotle, The Art of Rhetoric, trans. J. H. Freese, Loeb Classical Library (London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1926); public-domain translation in the US. Digital text: Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 3.0 US. link |
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🔒︎ Ashmolean HCR Copyrighted Heberden Coin Room, Ashmolean Museum: online coin catalogue | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Augsburg Confession (Schaff) public domain Augsburg Confession (Confessio Augustana, 1530), Latin with English translation, in Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom, vol. 3 | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Confessio Fidei exhibita invictissimo Imperatori Carolo V. … in Comitiis Augustae, anno 1530 (Augsburg Confession), Latin text with English translation and German insertions in brackets, in Philip Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom, with a History and Critical Notes, vol. 3: The Evangelical Protestant Creeds (New York: Harper & Brothers; copyright 1877; 4th ed. revised and enlarged). Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive creedschristendo03scha. link |
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Baldensperger 1898 public domain Der Prolog des vierten Evangeliums (Wilhelm Baldensperger) | public domain | shown | Wilhelm Baldensperger, Der Prolog des vierten Evangeliums: Sein polemisch-apologetischer Zweck (Freiburg: J. C. B. Mohr, 1898). Public domain by date. link |
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Barnes, Notes on Romans public domain Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Epistle to the Romans (Edinburgh: Gall & Inglis, [1846]) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Albert Barnes, Notes on the Epistle to the Romans, Explanatory and Practical (Edinburgh: Gall & Inglis, [1846]; first published New York, 1834). Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive notesonepistleto00barniala (University of California Libraries copy). link |
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🔒︎ Brunner–Barth, Natural Theology Copyrighted Emil Brunner and Karl Barth, Natural Theology: 'Nature and Grace' and 'No!' (trans. P. Fraenkel, 1946) · IA holds the 1946 Centenary Press edition (naturaltheology0000emil, lending only) and the 2002 Wipf & Stock reprint (naturaltheologyc0000karl). | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ BDAG Copyrighted A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, 3rd ed. | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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BDB CC BY 4.0 Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon (1906), Open Scriptures HebrewLexicon edition | CC BY 4.0 | shown, conditions apply | Brown, Driver, Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906; public domain). Digital edition: Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible Project, HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0), https://github.com/openscriptures/HebrewLexicon link |
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Belgic Confession public domain Belgic Confession (1561, rev. Synod of Dort 1619), English translation of the Reformed (Dutch) Church in America, in Schaff, Creeds of Christendom | public domain | shown | The Belgic Confession (Guy de Brès, 1561; revised Dort 1619), English translation authorized by the Reformed (Dutch) Church in America (made from the Latin), with the French text, in Philip Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom, with a History and Critical Notes, 3 vols. (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1877; 6th ed. rev. David S. Schaff, 1919), vol. 3. Public domain. link |
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Bengel, Gnomon (Eng.) 3 public domain J. A. Bengel, Gnomon of the New Testament, ed. A. R. Fausset, vol. 3 (Romans, 1–2 Corinthians), trans. James Bryce (T&T Clark, 1859) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | John Albert Bengel, Gnomon of the New Testament, now first translated into English, with notes, ed. Andrew R. Fausset, vol. 3, containing the commentary on Romans, 1 and 2 Corinthians, translated by James Bryce (Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1859), from the 1759 second edition. Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive gnomonofnewtesta03beng (University of Illinois copy). link |
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🔒︎ Boswell, CSTH Copyrighted John Boswell, Christianity, Social Tolerance, and Homosexuality (1980) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Brenton LXX (English) public domain L. C. L. Brenton, The Septuagint Version of the Old Testament and Apocrypha, with an English Translation (1844/1851) | public domain | shown | Sir Lancelot Charles Lee Brenton, The Septuagint Version of the Old Testament, according to the Vatican text, translated into English (London: Bagster, 1844); with the Apocrypha, 1851. Public domain; electronic text from eBible.org (eng-Brenton, 'Published in 1851, and now in the Public Domain'). link |
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Brooks, Joseph and Asenath public domain E. W. Brooks, Joseph and Asenath: The Confession and Prayer of Asenath, Daughter of Pentephres the Priest (1918) | public domain | shown | E. W. Brooks, Joseph and Asenath: The Confession and Prayer of Asenath, Daughter of Pentephres the Priest, Translations of Early Documents, Series II: Hellenistic-Jewish Texts (London: SPCK; New York: Macmillan, 1918). Public domain in the US (published 1918). link |
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🔒︎ Brooten, Love Between Women Copyrighted Bernadette J. Brooten, Love Between Women: Early Christian Responses to Female Homoeroticism (1996) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Brownson, Bible, Gender, Sexuality Copyrighted James V. Brownson, Bible, Gender, Sexuality: Reframing the Church's Debate on Same-Sex Relationships (2013) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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BSB public domain Berean Standard Bible | public domain | shown | The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible, BSB is produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee. This text of God's Word has been dedicated to the public domain. link |
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Buckland, Roman Law of Slavery public domain W. W. Buckland, The Roman Law of Slavery: The Condition of the Slave in Private Law from Augustus to Justinian (Cambridge, 1908) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | W. W. Buckland, The Roman Law of Slavery: The Condition of the Slave in Private Law from Augustus to Justinian (Cambridge: at the University Press, 1908). Public domain (published 1908; Buckland d. 1946). Scan: Internet Archive romanlawofslaver0000wwbu. link |
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Bultmann, Stil public domain Rudolf Bultmann, Der Stil der paulinischen Predigt und die kynisch-stoische Diatribe (1910) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Rudolf Bultmann, Der Stil der paulinischen Predigt und die kynisch-stoische Diatribe, FRLANT 13 (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1910). Public domain in the US by date (published 1910). Scan: Internet Archive derstilderpaulin00bultuoft. link |
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Evangelion da-Mepharresh public domain Evangelion da-Mepharreshe: the Curetonian Version of the Four Gospels (Burkitt) | public domain | shown | F. Crawford Burkitt, ed., Evangelion da-Mepharreshe: The Curetonian Version of the Four Gospels, with the readings of the Sinai Palimpsest and the early Syriac Patristic evidence, vol. 1, Text (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1904). Public domain. link |
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RP2005 public domain The New Testament in the Original Greek: Byzantine Textform 2005 (Robinson-Pierpont) | public domain | shown | Maurice A. Robinson and William G. Pierpont, The New Testament in the Original Greek: Byzantine Textform 2005. Public domain, https://github.com/byztxt/byzantine-majority-text (release v2.0.3). link |
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RP2018 Unlicense The New Testament in the Original Greek: Byzantine Textform (Robinson-Pierpont 2018) | Unlicense | shown | Maurice A. Robinson and William G. Pierpont, The New Testament in the Original Greek: Byzantine Textform 2018. Public domain (Unlicense), https://github.com/byztxt/byzantine-majority-text link |
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Calvin, Inst. (Beveridge) public domain John Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, trans. Henry Beveridge (1845) | public domain | shown | John Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, trans. Henry Beveridge (Edinburgh: Calvin Translation Society, 1845). Public domain; text at CCEL. link |
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Calvin, Romans (Owen) public domain John Calvin, Commentaries on the Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Romans, trans. and ed. John Owen (1849) | public domain | shown | John Calvin, Commentaries on the Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Romans, translated and edited by the Rev. John Owen (Edinburgh: Calvin Translation Society, 1849). Public domain; text from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library (CCEL calcom38, 'Rights: Public Domain'). link |
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🔒︎ Casey, Exc. Thdot. Copyrighted The Excerpta ex Theodoto of Clement of Alexandria, ed. and trans. Robert Pierce Casey (1934) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Dio (Cary) public domain Roman History (Cassius Dio), trans. Earnest Cary | public domain | shown | Cassius Dio, Roman History, trans. Earnest Cary, Loeb Classical Library, vol. 7 (London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924). Public domain in the US by date (published 1924). Digital text: LacusCurtius. link |
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Chalcedonian Definition public domain Definition of Chalcedon (451), Greek and Latin with English, in Schaff, Creeds of Christendom | public domain | shown | Symbolum Chalcedonense (451), Greek, Latin and English, in Philip Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom, with a History and Critical Notes, 3 vols. (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1877; 6th ed. rev. David S. Schaff, 1919), vol. 2. Public domain; text at CCEL. link |
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APOT public domain The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament in English, ed. R. H. Charles | public domain | shown | R. H. Charles, ed., The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament in English, 2 vols. (Oxford: Clarendon, 1913). Public domain by date (US). Vol. 2 (Pseudepigrapha) on Internet Archive (University of Toronto copy). link |
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APOT 1 public domain The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament in English, ed. R. H. Charles, vol. 1: Apocrypha (1913) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | R. H. Charles, ed., The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament in English, vol. 1: Apocrypha (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913). Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive apocryphapseudep01charuoft (Robarts Library, University of Toronto copy). link |
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Charles, Greek Versions public domain R. H. Charles, ed., The Greek Versions of the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs (1908) | public domain | shown | R. H. Charles, ed., The Greek Versions of the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs, edited from nine MSS. together with the variants of the Armenian and Slavonic versions and some Hebrew fragments (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908). Public domain; scan: Internet Archive greekversionste00chargoog (University of California copy, Google scan). link |
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🔒︎ OTP Copyrighted The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha, ed. James H. Charlesworth | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Cicero, Rep./Leg. (Keyes, LCL 213) public domain Cicero, De re publica and De legibus, Latin text with English translation by Clinton Walker Keyes (Loeb Classical Library 213, 1928) | public domain | shown | Cicero, De re publica; De legibus, with an English translation by Clinton Walker Keyes, Loeb Classical Library 213 (London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1928). Public domain in the US (published 1928). Scan: Internet Archive cicero-in-28-volumes.-vol.-16-loeb-213 (from HathiTrust uc1.32106005388290). link |
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Exc. Thdot. (Stählin) CC BY-SA 4.0 Clement of Alexandria, Excerpta ex Theodoto, ed. Otto Stählin (GCS 17), First1KGreek digital text | CC BY-SA 4.0 | shown, conditions apply | Clement of Alexandria, Excerpta ex Theodoto, in Clemens Alexandrinus, vol. 3: Stromata Buch VII–VIII, Excerpta ex Theodoto, Eclogae propheticae, Quis dives salvetur, Fragmente, ed. Otto Stählin, GCS 17 (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1909); public domain. Digital text: First1KGreek (Perseus Project / Open Greek and Latin), tlg0555.tlg007.1st1K-grc1, CC BY-SA 4.0. link |
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🔒︎ A Definite Rule for the Copyrighted A Definite Rule for the Use of the Article in the Greek New Testament (Colwell) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Cranfield, Romans (ICC) Copyrighted C. E. B. Cranfield, A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans (ICC, 2 vols., 1975–79) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Athanasian Creed public domain Athanasian Creed (Symbolum Quicunque), Latin with English, in Schaff, Creeds of Christendom | public domain | shown | Symbolum Quicunque (Athanasian Creed), Latin and English, in Philip Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom, with a History and Critical Notes, 3 vols. (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1877; 6th ed. rev. David S. Schaff, 1919), vol. 2. Public domain; text at CCEL. link |
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Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed (381) public domain Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed (381), Greek received text, Latin (Dionysius Exiguus and Western form) and English, in Schaff, Creeds of Christendom | public domain | shown | Symbolum Nicaeno-Constantinopolitanum (381), in Philip Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom, with a History and Critical Notes, 3 vols. (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1877; 6th ed. rev. David S. Schaff, 1919), vol. 2, pp. 57–59 (Greek received text; Latin of Dionysius Exiguus; Western received form with English); English also in vol. 1, pp. 28–29. Public domain; text at CCEL. link |
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Nicene Creed (325) public domain Nicene Creed (Council of Nicaea, 325), Greek text with Latin (Hilary) and English, in Schaff, Creeds of Christendom | public domain | shown | Symbolum Nicaenum (325), Greek text and Latin version of Hilary, in Philip Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom, with a History and Critical Notes, 3 vols. (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1877; 6th ed. rev. David S. Schaff, 1919), vol. 2, pp. 60–61; English in vol. 1, pp. 28–29. Public domain; text at CCEL. link |
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Deissmann, Bible Studies public domain Adolf Deissmann, Bible Studies, trans. Alexander Grieve (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1901) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | G. Adolf Deissmann, Bible Studies: Contributions Chiefly from Papyri and Inscriptions to the History of the Language, the Literature, and the Religion of Hellenistic Judaism and Primitive Christianity, authorised translation by Alexander Grieve (Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1901). Public domain in the US by date (1901); Deissmann d. 1937. Scan: Internet Archive biblestudiescont00deisuoft (Robarts, University of Toronto copy). link |
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Deissmann, LAE public domain Light from the Ancient East (Adolf Deissmann), trans. L. R. M. Strachan | public domain | shown | Adolf Deissmann, Light from the Ancient East: The New Testament Illustrated by Recently Discovered Texts of the Graeco-Roman World, trans. Lionel R. M. Strachan (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1910). Public domain in the US by date; Deissmann died 1937. link |
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Deissmann, St. Paul public domain St. Paul: A Study in Social and Religious History (Adolf Deissmann), trans. L. R. M. Strachan | public domain | shown | Adolf Deissmann, St. Paul: A Study in Social and Religious History, trans. Lionel R. M. Strachan (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1912). Public domain in the US by date; Deissmann died 1937. link |
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🔒︎ DK Copyrighted Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker, ed. H. Diels and W. Kranz · 6th ed., 1951–1952 | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Diog. Laert. (Hicks) CC BY-SA 3.0 Lives of Eminent Philosophers (Diogenes Laertius), trans. R. D. Hicks | CC BY-SA 3.0 | shown, conditions apply | Diogenes Laertius, Lives of Eminent Philosophers, trans. R. D. Hicks, Loeb Classical Library (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1925); public-domain translation. Digital text: Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 3.0 US. link |
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🔒︎ DJD Copyrighted Discoveries in the Judaean Desert (DJD), Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1955–2010, 40 vols. · Series record; cite as 'DJD <vol.>:<page>' with the editors of that volume. | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ DJD 8 (8ḤevXIIgr) Copyrighted E. Tov, The Greek Minor Prophets Scroll from Naḥal Ḥever (8ḤevXIIgr) (The Seiyâl Collection I), DJD 8 (1990) · x + 169 pp., 20 plates (NLI record 990011098000205171; review in JSJ, doi:10.1163/157006392x00476). | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Dodd, 'Ἱλάσκεσθαι' (JTS 1931) Copyrighted C. H. Dodd, 'ἹΛΑΣΚΕΣΘΑΙ, Its Cognates, Derivatives, and Synonyms in the Septuagint', JTS 32 (1931) 352–360 · JTS (Oxford: Clarendon Press) vol. 32 no. 128, July 1931, pp. 352–360 (bibliographic details from published citations; the article was not opened). Reprint pages in The Bible and the Greeks (1935) not verified. | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Dodd, Romans (MNTC) Copyrighted C. H. Dodd, The Epistle of Paul to the Romans (Moffatt NT Commentary, 1932) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Dodson CC0 1.0 Dodson, Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (public domain) | CC0 1.0 | shown | John Jeffrey Dodson, A Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (public domain); conversion by Ulrik Sandborg-Petersen; XML by biblicalhumanities, https://github.com/biblicalhumanities/dodson-greek-lexicon (CC0 1.0) link |
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🔒︎ DSSSE Copyrighted The Dead Sea Scrolls Study Edition, ed. F. García Martínez and E. J. C. Tigchelaar | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Dunn, Romans (WBC) Copyrighted James D. G. Dunn, Romans 1–8 and Romans 9–16 (WBC 38A–B, 1988) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ The Orthodox Corruption Copyrighted The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture (Ehrman), 2nd ed. | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Epictetus (Oldfather) public domain Discourses (Epictetus), trans. W. A. Oldfather | public domain | shown | Epictetus, The Discourses as Reported by Arrian, the Manual, and Fragments, trans. W. A. Oldfather, Loeb Classical Library, 2 vols. (London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1925-1928). Public domain in the US by date (vol. 2, 1928). Digital text: Wikisource (transcribed from the 1928 scan). link |
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Epiph., Pan. public domain Epiphanius, Panarion (ed. K. Holl, GCS 25, 31, 37); English: F. Williams (NHMS 35/63, 36/79) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Epiphanius, Ancoratus und Panarion, ed. Karl Holl, 3 vols., GCS 25 (Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs, 1915), 31 (1922), 37 (1933). Vols. 1–2 public domain in the US by date (Holl d. 1926); vol. 3 (1933) is NOT yet PD in the US (URAA-restored; 95 years, PD from 2029). English: Frank Williams, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis, Book I (Sects 1–46), 2nd ed., NHMS 63 (Leiden: Brill, 2009); Books II–III, 2nd ed., NHMS 79 (2013). Williams: reference-only unless its open-access licence is confirmed. link |
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Etheridge public domain The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch, trans. J. W. Etheridge | public domain | shown | J. W. Etheridge, trans., The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch, with the Fragments of the Jerusalem Targum, 2 vols. (London: Longman, Green, 1862–1865). Public domain. link |
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🔒︎ Gagnon, BHP Copyrighted The Bible and Homosexual Practice: Texts and Hermeneutics (Robert A. J. Gagnon) · 1st ed., cloth, 2001 | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Gaius, Inst. (Poste–Whittuck 1904) public domain Gaius, Institutes (Gai Institutiones), Latin text with translation and commentary by E. Poste, 4th ed. rev. E. A. Whittuck (Oxford, 1904) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Gai Institutiones, or Institutes of Roman Law by Gaius, with a translation and commentary by the late Edward Poste, M.A., 4th ed. revised and enlarged by E. A. Whittuck, with an historical introduction by A. H. J. Greenidge (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1904). Public domain (published 1904). Scan: Internet Archive gaiinstitutiones00gaiuuoft. link |
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🔒︎ Gathercole, JSNT 2002 Copyrighted Simon J. Gathercole, 'A Law unto Themselves: The Gentiles in Romans 2.14–15 Revisited', JSNT 24.3 (2002) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Gathercole, Where Is Boasting? Copyrighted Simon J. Gathercole, Where Is Boasting? Early Jewish Soteriology and Paul's Response in Romans 1–5 (Eerdmans, 2002) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Godet, Romans public domain F. Godet, Commentary on St. Paul's Epistle to the Romans, trans. A. Cusin (1880–81) | public domain | shown | F. Godet, Commentary on St. Paul's Epistle to the Romans, translated from the French by A. Cusin, 2 vols., Clark's Foreign Theological Library, new series, vols. 2 and 6 (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1880–1881); American ed. revised by Talbot W. Chambers (New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1883). Public domain; scan: Internet Archive commentaryonsrom01godeuoft (vol. 1, University of Toronto, Robarts Library copy). link |
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Gregory, Handschriften (1908) public domain Caspar René Gregory, Die griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testaments (1908) | public domain | shown | Caspar René Gregory, Die griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testaments, Versuche und Entwürfe 2 (Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs, 1908). Public domain; scan: Internet Archive diegriechischenh00greg (Wellesley College Library copy). link |
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Gregory, Prolegomena public domain C. R. Gregory (with Ezra Abbot), Prolegomena to Tischendorf, Novum Testamentum Graece, ed. octava critica maior, vol. 3 (1884–1894) | public domain | shown | Constantinus Tischendorf, Novum Testamentum Graece, editio octava critica maior, vol. 3: Prolegomena scripsit Caspar Renatus Gregory, additis curis Ezrae Abbot, 3 parts (Lipsiae: J. C. Hinrichs, 1884, 1890, 1894; continuous pagination). Public domain; scans: Internet Archive p1novumtestamentum03tiscuoft (part 1), p2novumtestamentum03tiscuoft (part 2), novumtestamentu01abbogoog (part 3). link |
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🔒︎ Gundry, 'Nonimputation' Copyrighted Robert H. Gundry, 'The Nonimputation of Christ's Righteousness', in Justification: What's at Stake in the Current Debates (2004) · IVP Academic, published 16 April 2004, 278 pp., ISBN 978-0-8308-2781-7 (publisher page: chapter 1, 'The Nonimputation of Christ's Righteousness – Robert H. Gundry'). Pages 17–45 from Gundry's own published bibliography (Westmont College CV), not from the publisher or a library catalog. Reprinted in Gundry's collected Pauline studies, pp. 41–80 (per the author's listing; not checked). | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Haldane, Romans public domain Robert Haldane, Exposition of the Epistle to the Romans (1835–39) | public domain | shown | Robert Haldane, Exposition of the Epistle to the Romans, with remarks on the commentaries of Dr. MacKnight, Professor Moses Stuart, and Professor Tholuck (Edinburgh: W. Whyte, 1835–1839; 3 vols.); one-volume ed. London: W. Oliphant, 1874. Public domain; scan: Internet Archive expositionofthee00halduoft (1874). link |
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🔒︎ HALOT Copyrighted The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament (Koehler–Baumgartner, English edition) · English translation of HALAT, 3rd German ed. Five-volume edition 1994–2000 (set ISBN 978-90-04-11956-7); unabridged two-volume Study Edition 2001 (set ISBN 978-90-04-12445-5; vol. 1 978-90-04-12448-6, vol. 2 978-90-04-12449-3), per the BYU library MARC record (OCLC 48458126) and Brill/distributor listings. Page numbers differ between the 5-vol. and Study editions: say which one is cited. | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Qualitative Anarthrous P Copyrighted Qualitative Anarthrous Predicate Nouns: Mark 15:39 and John 1:1 (Harner) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Hays, 'Relations Natural and Unnatural' Copyrighted Richard B. Hays, 'Relations Natural and Unnatural: A Response to John Boswell's Exegesis of Romans 1', JRE 14 (1986) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Heiser, Unseen Realm Copyrighted The Unseen Realm: Recovering the Supernatural Worldview of the Bible (Michael S. Heiser) · 1st ed., 2015 | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Heitmüller, Taufe und Abendmahl public domain Wilhelm Heitmüller, Taufe und Abendmahl bei Paulus: Darstellung und religionsgeschichtliche Beleuchtung (Göttingen, 1903) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | W. Heitmüller, Taufe und Abendmahl bei Paulus: Darstellung und religionsgeschichtliche Beleuchtung (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1903). Public domain (published 1903; Heitmüller d. 1926). Scan: Internet Archive taufeundabendma00heitgoog (Google scan, Andover Theological Seminary copy). link |
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Herodotus (Godley) CC BY-SA 3.0 The Histories (Herodotus), trans. A. D. Godley | CC BY-SA 3.0 | shown, conditions apply | Herodotus, trans. A. D. Godley, Loeb Classical Library, vol. 1 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1920). Translation public domain in the US by date. Digital text: Perseus Digital Library (CC BY-SA 3.0 US). link |
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Hodge, Romans public domain Charles Hodge, Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans (rev. ed., 1864) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Charles Hodge, Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans, new edition, revised and in great measure rewritten (Philadelphia: W. S. & A. Martien, 1864; 1st ed. Philadelphia: Grigg & Elliot, 1835). Public domain; scan: Internet Archive commentaryonepis00hodgiala. link |
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IGNTP John CC BY 4.0 IGNTP Greek transcriptions of the Gospel of John (papyri, majuscules, minuscules, lectionaries) | CC BY 4.0 | shown | Transcriptions of the Gospel according to John by the International Greek New Testament Project (IGNTP), Institute for Textual Scholarship and Electronic Editing (ITSEE), University of Birmingham, made towards the Editio Critica Maior of John (www.iohannes.com). Licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Changes made by Tom Sipe's Bible Scholarship & Tools Team, if any, are noted in the derived data. link |
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🔒︎ A Lexical Defense of the Copyrighted A Lexical Defense of the Johannine 'Only Begotten' (Irons) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Isid. Pel., Ep. public domain Isidore of Pelusium, Epistulae (Migne PG 78) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Isidore of Pelusium, Epistolarum libri quinque, in J.-P. Migne, Patrologiae cursus completus, Series Graeca 78 (Paris, 1860/1864). Public domain. link |
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🔒︎ Itala IV Copyrighted Itala: Das Neue Testament in altlateinischer Überlieferung, IV: Johannes-Evangelium | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Josephus, C. Ap. (Whiston) public domain Against Apion (Flavius Josephus), trans. William Whiston | public domain | shown | Flavius Josephus, Against Apion, trans. William Whiston (1737). Public domain; Project Gutenberg eBook #2849. link |
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Josephus, ed. Niese 4 public domain Flavii Iosephi opera, ed. B. Niese, vol. 4: Antiquitatum Iudaicarum libri XVI–XX (Berlin: Weidmann) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Flavii Iosephi opera, edidit et apparatu critico instruxit Benedictus Niese, vol. 4: Antiquitatum Iudaicarum libri XVI–XX (Berolini: Weidmann, 1890). Public domain (Niese d. 1910). Scan: Internet Archive gr-niese-4-1880 (IA licence: Public Domain Mark 1.0). link |
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Josephus, J.W. (Whiston) public domain Flavius Josephus, The Wars of the Jews, trans. William Whiston | public domain | shown | Flavius Josephus, The Wars of the Jews, trans. William Whiston (1737). Public domain. Text: Project Gutenberg eBook #2850. link |
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Josephus (Whiston) public domain The Antiquities of the Jews (Flavius Josephus), trans. William Whiston | public domain | shown | Flavius Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, trans. William Whiston (1737). Public domain; Project Gutenberg eBook #2848. link |
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Juvenal (Ramsay) public domain Juvenal and Persius, trans. G. G. Ramsay | public domain | shown | Juvenal and Persius, trans. G. G. Ramsay, Loeb Classical Library (London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1918). Public domain by date. Digital text: tertullian.org (Roger Pearse), Satires 2 and 15. link |
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🔒︎ Käsemann, Romans Copyrighted Ernst Käsemann, Commentary on Romans, trans. and ed. G. W. Bromiley (1980) · xxix + 428 pp. | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Kim, Christ and Caesar Copyrighted Christ and Caesar: The Gospel and the Roman Empire in the Writings of Paul and Luke (Seyoon Kim) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Kümmel, Römer 7 (1929) Copyrighted Werner Georg Kümmel, Römer 7 und die Bekehrung des Paulus (Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament 17; Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1929) · Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs, 1929; xv, 160 pp.; series Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament, Heft 17; bibliography pp. [vii]-xv. Verified 2026-10-31 in two catalogues: Library of Congress record LCCN 54055447 (via Open Library OL6169794M: 'Leipzig, J.C. Hinrichs'sche Buchhandlung', 1929, 'xv, 160 p.', series 'Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament, Heft 17', OCLC 28603687) and the hbz union catalogue (HT009433400: Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1929, XV, 160 S.). Reprinted in W. G. Kümmel, Römer 7 und das Bild des Menschen im Neuen Testament (Theologische Bücherei 53; München: Kaiser, 1974), XIX, 233 S. (hbz HT004818696); the reprint's pagination differs, so say which is cited. No page locators are checked here. | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Lange, Romans public domain J. P. Lange and F. R. Fay, The Epistle of Paul to the Romans, trans. J. F. Hurst, ed. P. Schaff (Lange's Commentary, 1869) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | John Peter Lange and F. R. Fay, The Epistle of Paul to the Romans, translated from the German by J. F. Hurst, with additions by Philip Schaff and M. B. Riddle (A Commentary on the Holy Scriptures, ed. J. P. Lange; New York: Charles Scribner & Co., 1869). Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive epistleofpaultor00lang (Princeton Theological Seminary Library copy). link |
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🔒︎ Latin Library public domain The Latin Library (public-domain Latin texts) · No single edition: each text's source is listed (when known) on the site's Credit Page. Suetonius check edition: Ihm 1907 (editio maior, vol. 1), archive.org csuetoniitranqu01suetgoog (Google scan, 'VOLVMEN I … LIPSIAE IN AEDIBVS B. G. TEVBNERI MCMVII', NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT); Claud. 25.4 is on Ihm p. 218, lines 10–11 (IA image n287, https://archive.org/details/csuetoniitranqu01suetgoog/page/n287/mode/1up), read on the page image. | public domain | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Lightfoot, Notes on Epistles public domain J. B. Lightfoot, Notes on Epistles of St Paul from Unpublished Commentaries (1895) | public domain | shown | J. B. Lightfoot, Notes on Epistles of St Paul from Unpublished Commentaries, ed. J. R. Harmer (London: Macmillan, 1895). Covers 1–2 Thessalonians, 1 Corinthians 1–7, Romans 1–7, Ephesians 1:1–14. Public domain; scan: Internet Archive notesonepistles00lighuoft. link |
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🔒︎ Loader, NT on Sexuality Copyrighted William Loader, The New Testament on Sexuality (2012) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Luther, Preface to Romans Custom Martin Luther, Preface to the Letter of St. Paul to the Romans (1522; English trans. Andrew Thornton, OSB, 1983) | Custom | shown, conditions apply | Martin Luther, 'Vorrede auff die Epistel S. Paul: an die Romer' (1522), translated by Bro. Andrew Thornton, OSB, as 'Preface to the Letter of St. Paul to the Romans' (Project Wittenberg). Licence statement, quoted exactly from the Project Wittenberg file: "This translation was made by Bro. Andrew Thornton, OSB, for the Saint Anselm College Humanities Program. (c)1983 by Saint Anselm Abbey. This translation may be used freely with proper attribution." Attribution line every quotation must carry: "Martin Luther, Preface to the Letter of St. Paul to the Romans, trans. Bro. Andrew Thornton, OSB, for the Saint Anselm College Humanities Program, © 1983 Saint Anselm Abbey; used with attribution (Project Wittenberg)." link |
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Luther, Sendbrief vom Dolmetschen (WA 30/II) public domain Martin Luther, Ein sendbrief … Von Dolmetzschen und Fürbit der heiligenn (1530), ed. in WA 30/II (Weimar, 1909) | public domain | shown | Martin Luther, Ein sendbrief D. M. Luthers. Von Dolmetzschen und Fürbit der heiligenn (1530), in D. Martin Luthers Werke: Kritische Gesamtausgabe, Bd. 30, Abt. 2 (Weimar: Hermann Böhlaus Nachfolger, 1909), pp. 627–646 (editors' introduction pp. 627 ff.; Luther's text pp. 632–646). Luther d. 1546; the 1909 volume is public domain in the US by date. Scan: Internet Archive dmartinlutherswe1302luth (Getty Research Institute copy). link |
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Luther, Small Catechism (Schaff) public domain Martin Luther, Small Catechism (Enchiridion, 1529), German with English translation, in Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom, vol. 3 | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Martin Luther, Der kleine Katechismus / Enchiridion, or Small Catechism (1529), German text with English translation, in Philip Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom, with a History and Critical Notes, vol. 3: The Evangelical Protestant Creeds (New York: Harper & Brothers; copyright 1877; 4th ed. revised and enlarged). Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive creedschristendo03scha. link |
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🔒︎ Göttingen LXX XIII (Ziegler) Copyrighted Septuaginta (Göttingen) XIII: Duodecim prophetae, ed. Joseph Ziegler (1943; 2nd ed. 1967; 3rd ed. 1984) · 1st ed. 1943; 2nd ed. 1967; 3rd ed. 1984 (Open Library OL19100118W, OL42677880W). Give the edition with the page and line of text/apparatus (e.g. Hab 2:4). | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Rahlfs-Hanhart Copyrighted Septuaginta: Id est Vetus Testamentum graece iuxta LXX interpretes, editio altera (Rahlfs-Hanhart) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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LXX (Swete) CC BY-SA 4.0 The Old Testament in Greek according to the Septuagint (Swete), First1KGreek / nathans digital text | CC BY-SA 4.0 | shown, conditions apply | H. B. Swete, ed., The Old Testament in Greek according to the Septuagint (Cambridge University Press; vol. 1 1901 printing per First1KGreek); digital text by the Open Greek and Latin Project, First1KGreek (University of Leipzig), CC BY-SA 4.0; per-word files by Nathan D. Smith, https://github.com/nathans/lxx-swete link |
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🔒︎ LXX-Swete-1930 GPL-3.0 LXX-Swete-1930 (Eliran Wong; text from Pasquale Amicarelli's BibleWorks module) | GPL-3.0 | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Martial (Ker) public domain Martial, Epigrams, trans. W. C. A. Ker (Loeb, 2 vols.) | public domain | shown | Martial, Epigrams, trans. Walter C. A. Ker, Loeb Classical Library, 2 vols. (London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1919–1920). Public domain in the US by date. Scans: Internet Archive martialepigrams01martiala (vol. 1) and epigramswithengl02martuoft (vol. 2). link |
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🔒︎ Martin, 'Heterosexism … Romans 1:18–32' Copyrighted Dale B. Martin, 'Heterosexism and the Interpretation of Romans 1:18–32', Biblical Interpretation 3 (1995) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ McNamara, Tg. Neof. Gen Copyrighted Targum Neofiti 1: Genesis, trans. Martin McNamara (The Aramaic Bible 1A) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Mek. R. Ish. CC BY-NC Mekhilta de-Rabbi Ishmael on Sefaria: Hebrew text (Beeri edition, Koren 2019) and English translation (Shraga Silverstein) | CC BY-NC | shown, conditions apply | Mekhilta de-Rabbi Ishmael via Sefaria (https://www.sefaria.org): Hebrew text 'Beeri Edition, Koren, Jerusalem, 2019' (CC BY-NC; NLI record NNL_ALEPH005271179); English translation 'Mechilta, translated by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein' (CC BY). link |
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🔒︎ Metzger, TCGNT² Copyrighted A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament, 2nd ed. (Metzger) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Meyer, Romans 1 public domain H. A. W. Meyer, Critical and Exegetical Handbook to the Epistle to the Romans, vol. 1, trans. J. C. Moore and E. Johnson, rev. W. P. Dickson (T&T Clark) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Heinrich August Wilhelm Meyer, Critical and Exegetical Handbook to the Epistle to the Romans, translated from the fifth German edition by John C. Moore and Edwin Johnson, revised and edited by William P. Dickson, vol. 1 (Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark; IA date 1881). Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive criticalexeg00meye (Princeton Theological Seminary Library copy). link |
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🔒︎ Danby, Mishnah Copyrighted The Mishnah, trans. Herbert Danby (Oxford, 1933) · OUP 1933 (archive.org has copies, e.g. DanbyMishnah and mishnah0000herb*, uploaded with a Public Domain Mark that we do not rely on). | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Mishnah (Vilna 1913, Sefaria) public domain Mishnah, Hebrew text, ed. Romm (Vilna, 1913), on Sefaria | public domain | shown | Mishnah, Hebrew text, ed. Romm, Vilna 1913 (National Library of Israel NNL_ALEPH001741739), digital text via Sefaria (version 'Mishnah, ed. Romm, Vilna 1913', licence: Public Domain). link |
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🔒︎ Moo, Romans (NICNT) Copyrighted Douglas J. Moo, The Epistle to the Romans (NICNT, 1996; 2nd ed. The Letter to the Romans, 2018) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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MorphGNT CC BY-SA 3.0 MorphGNT: SBLGNT Edition (morphology and lemmas) | CC BY-SA 3.0 | shown, conditions apply | Tauber, J. K., ed. (2017) MorphGNT: SBLGNT Edition. Version 6.12 [Data set]. https://github.com/morphgnt/sblgnt DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.376200. Morphology and lemmas CC BY-SA 3.0; SBLGNT text CC BY 4.0 (SBL and Logos Bible Software). link |
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🔒︎ Morris, Apostolic Preaching of the Cross Copyrighted Leon Morris, The Apostolic Preaching of the Cross (1955; 3rd ed. 1965) · Cite the 3rd ed. (1965; Eerdmans reprints) unless another is named: ch. V 'Propitiation (1)' pp. 144–178 (LXX ἱλάσκομαι word-group pp. 155–174) and ch. VI 'Propitiation (2)' pp. 179–213 (NT word-group from p. 184). 1st ed. 1955: 'Propitiation' begins p. 161 (Google Books contents). Pages from the published contents listings, not a held copy. | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Moule, Romans (CBSC) public domain H. C. G. Moule, The Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Romans (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges, 1879) | public domain | shown | H. C. G. Moule, ed., The Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Romans, with introduction and notes, Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (Cambridge: University Press, 1879; this scan a reprint dated 1891). Public domain; scan: Internet Archive epistlepaulapos00moulgoog. link |
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🔒︎ Murray, Romans (NICNT) Copyrighted John Murray, The Epistle to the Romans (NICNT, 2 vols., 1959–65) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Lutz, Musonius Copyrighted Musonius Rufus: 'The Roman Socrates' (Cora E. Lutz) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ NA28 Copyrighted Novum Testamentum Graece, 28th revised edition (Nestle-Aland) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ NET notes Copyrighted NET Bible® translators' notes (Biblical Studies Press) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Nongbri, HTR 2005 Copyrighted The Use and Abuse of P52: Papyrological Pitfalls in the Dating of the Fourth Gospel (Brent Nongbri) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Augustine, C. du. ep. Pel. (NPNF¹ 5) public domain Augustine, A Treatise Against Two Letters of the Pelagians (Contra duas epistolas Pelagianorum), trans. Robert Ernest Wallis, rev. B. B. Warfield (NPNF¹ vol. 5) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Augustine, A Treatise Against Two Letters of the Pelagians, trans. Robert Ernest Wallis, revised by Benjamin B. Warfield, in A Select Library of the Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers of the Christian Church, [First Series,] vol. 5: Saint Augustin: Anti-Pelagian Writings, ed. Philip Schaff (New York: The Christian Literature Company, 1887). Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive selectlibraryofn05auguuoft (Robarts Library, University of Toronto copy). link |
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Augustine public domain Augustine, Tractates on the Gospel of John (NPNF¹ vol. 7) | public domain | shown | Augustine, Tractates on the Gospel of John, trans. John Gibb (Tractates 1–37) and James Innes (38–124), in Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, First Series, vol. 7, ed. P. Schaff (New York: Christian Literature Publishing, 1888). Public domain; text at CCEL. link |
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NPNF1 5 public domain Augustine, On Marriage and Concupiscence (NPNF1 vol. 5) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Augustine, On Marriage and Concupiscence, trans. Peter Holmes, rev. Benjamin B. Warfield, in A Select Library of the Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers of the Christian Church, [First Series,] vol. 5: Saint Augustin: Anti-Pelagian Writings, ed. Philip Schaff (New York: The Christian Literature Company, 1887). Public domain. link |
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Augustine, Pecc. merit. (NPNF¹ 5) public domain Augustine, A Treatise on the Merits and Forgiveness of Sins, and on the Baptism of Infants (De peccatorum meritis et remissione), trans. Peter Holmes, rev. B. B. Warfield (NPNF¹ vol. 5) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Augustine, A Treatise on the Merits and Forgiveness of Sins, and on the Baptism of Infants, trans. Peter Holmes, revised by Benjamin B. Warfield, in A Select Library of the Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers of the Christian Church, [First Series,] vol. 5: Saint Augustin: Anti-Pelagian Writings, ed. Philip Schaff (New York: The Christian Literature Company, 1887). Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive selectlibraryofn05auguuoft (Robarts Library, University of Toronto copy). link |
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Augustine, Spir. et litt. (NPNF¹ 5) public domain Augustine, On the Spirit and the Letter (De spiritu et littera), trans. Peter Holmes, rev. B. B. Warfield (NPNF¹ vol. 5) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Augustine, A Treatise on the Spirit and the Letter, trans. Peter Holmes, revised by Benjamin B. Warfield, in A Select Library of the Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers of the Christian Church, [First Series,] vol. 5: Saint Augustin: Anti-Pelagian Writings, ed. Philip Schaff (New York: The Christian Literature Company, 1887). Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive selectlibraryofn05auguuoft (Robarts Library, University of Toronto copy); text also at CCEL npnf105. link |
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John Chrysostom public domain John Chrysostom, Homilies on the Gospel of St. John (NPNF¹ vol. 14) | public domain | shown | John Chrysostom, Homilies on the Gospel of St. John, Oxford translation (Library of the Fathers, 1848–1852; Homilies 1–41 trans. G. T. Stupart, ed. Charles Marriott), revised with additional notes in Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, First Series, vol. 14, ed. P. Schaff (New York: Christian Literature Company, 1890). Public domain. link |
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Chrysostom, Hom. Rom. (NPNF¹ 11) public domain John Chrysostom, Homilies on the Epistle to the Romans, trans. J. B. Morris and W. H. Simcox, rev. George B. Stevens (NPNF¹ vol. 11) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on the Epistle of St. Paul the Apostle to the Romans, translated by J. B. Morris and W. H. Simcox, revised with notes by George B. Stevens, in A Select Library of the Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers of the Christian Church, [First Series,] vol. 11, ed. Philip Schaff (Buffalo: Christian Literature Co., 1889). Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive aselectlibrary11unknuoft (Trinity College, University of Toronto copy). link |
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NPNF2 1 public domain Eusebius, Church History, trans. A. C. McGiffert (NPNF, Second Series, vol. 1) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Eusebius, Church History, trans. Arthur Cushman McGiffert, in Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Second Series, vol. 1, ed. P. Schaff and H. Wace (New York: Christian Literature Publishing, 1890). Public domain. link |
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OGIS public domain Orientis Graeci Inscriptiones Selectae, ed. W. Dittenberger, vol. 2 | public domain | shown | Wilhelm Dittenberger, ed., Orientis Graeci Inscriptiones Selectae, 2 vols. (Leipzig: S. Hirzel, 1903-1905). Public domain by date. Scan: archive.org (orientisgraeciin02dittuoft). link |
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Onq. public domain Targum Onqelos, Aramaic text (Torat Emet edition), on Sefaria | public domain | shown | Targum Onkelos (Aramaic), Sefaria versions 'Onkelos Genesis' … 'Onkelos Deuteronomy', source Torat Emet (http://toratemetfreeware.com/), public domain via Sefaria. link |
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Onq. (Metsudah) CC BY-NC Targum Onqelos, Metsudah edition on Sefaria (Aramaic text and English translation; Metsudah Publications, 2009) | CC BY-NC | shown, conditions apply | Targum Onkelos, Metsudah Publications (2009) via Sefaria (https://www.sefaria.org): Aramaic text from 'Sifsei Chachomim Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009' and English translation from 'Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009 [with Onkelos translation]'. CC BY-NC. link |
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OpenBible.info Cross Ref CC BY 4.0 OpenBible.info Cross References | CC BY 4.0 | shown | Cross references from OpenBible.info (https://www.openbible.info/labs/cross-references/), CC BY 4.0. link |
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Origen, Comm. Rom. (Rufinus) public domain Origen, Commentarii in epistulam ad Romanos, Rufinus's Latin (Migne PG 14); English: T. P. Scheck, FC 103–104 | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Origen, Commentaria in Epistolam B. Pauli ad Romanos, Latin translation by Rufinus, in J.-P. Migne, Patrologiae cursus completus, Series Graeca 14 (Paris, 1857/1862). Public domain. English (copyrighted, reference-only): Origen, Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans, Books 1–5, trans. Thomas P. Scheck, FC 103 (Washington: Catholic University of America Press, 2001), ISBN 0-8132-0103-9; Books 6–10, FC 104 (2002), ISBN 0-8132-0104-7. link |
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Pelagius, Expos. (Souter) public domain Pelagius's Expositions of Thirteen Epistles of St Paul, ed. A. Souter (Texts and Studies 9.1–3, 1922–1931) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Alexander Souter, ed., Pelagius's Expositions of Thirteen Epistles of St Paul, Texts and Studies 9: vol. 1 Introduction (1922), vol. 2 Text and Apparatus Criticus (1926), vol. 3 Pseudo-Jerome Interpolations (1931) (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). Text cited from vol. 2 (1926), public domain in the US by publication date; Souter d. 1949. Scan: Internet Archive com_20200407 (Kraus Reprint, Nendeln/Liechtenstein, 1967, 3 vols. in 1; Claremont School of Theology copy). link |
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Petronius (Heseltine) public domain Petronius, trans. M. Heseltine (Loeb) | public domain | shown | Petronius, trans. Michael Heseltine; Seneca, Apocolocyntosis, trans. W. H. D. Rouse, Loeb Classical Library (London: Heinemann; New York: Macmillan, 1913; IA scan of the 1925 reprint). Public domain in the US by date. link |
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Philo (Cohn–Wendland) CC BY-SA 4.0 Philo, De posteritate Caini, ed. Paul Wendland (Cohn–Wendland, Philonis Alexandrini opera quae supersunt, vol. 2), First1KGreek digital text | CC BY-SA 4.0 | shown, conditions apply | Philo of Alexandria, De posteritate Caini, in Philonis Alexandrini opera quae supersunt, vol. 2, ed. Paul Wendland (Berlin: Reimer, 1897); public domain. Digital text: First1KGreek (University of Leipzig / Open Greek and Latin), tlg0018.tlg006.1st1K-grc1, CC BY-SA 4.0. link |
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Philo, ed. Cohn 4 public domain Philonis Alexandrini opera quae supersunt, vol. 4, ed. L. Cohn (Berlin: Reimer, 1902) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Philonis Alexandrini opera quae supersunt, ediderunt Leopoldus Cohn et Paulus Wendland, vol. 4, ed. Leopoldus Cohn (Berolini: Typis et impensis Georgii Reimeri, 1902). Public domain (1902; Cohn d. 1915). Scan: Internet Archive philonisalexandr0004leop. link |
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Philo (Yonge) public domain The Works of Philo Judaeus, trans. C. D. Yonge | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Philo of Alexandria, The Works of Philo Judaeus, trans. C. D. Yonge, 4 vols. (London: H. G. Bohn, 1854–1855). Public domain. Scan: archive.org (worksphilojudaeu01philuoft, vol. 1). link |
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Plato (Burnet) CC BY-SA 3.0 Platonis Opera, ed. J. Burnet (Greek text) | CC BY-SA 3.0 | shown, conditions apply | Plato, Platonis Opera, ed. John Burnet (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1900-1907); Laws in vol. 5 (1907). Public domain by date. Digital text: Perseus Digital Library (CC BY-SA 3.0 US). link |
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Plato, Laws (Bury) CC BY-SA 3.0 Laws (Plato), trans. R. G. Bury | CC BY-SA 3.0 | shown, conditions apply | Plato, Laws, trans. R. G. Bury, Loeb Classical Library, Plato vols. 10-11 (London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1926). Translation public domain in the US by date (1926). Digital text: Perseus Digital Library (CC BY-SA 3.0 US), which credits the 1967-1968 reprint. link |
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Plautus (Goetz–Schoell) public domain T. Macci Plauti Comoediae, ed. G. Goetz and F. Schoell, fasc. 1 (Latin text) | public domain | shown | T. Macci Plauti Comoediae, ex recensione Georgii Goetz et Friderici Schoell, fasc. 1: Amphitruonem, Asinariam, Aululariam complectens (Leipzig: Teubner, 1893), Teubner editio minor. Public domain by date (editors d. 1932 and 1919). Scan: Internet Archive tmacciplauticomo01plau (Boston College Library copy). link |
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Polybius (Paton, LCL) public domain Polybius, The Histories, with an English translation by W. R. Paton, vol. 3 (Loeb Classical Library, 1923) | public domain | shown | Polybius, The Histories, with an English translation by W. R. Paton, in six volumes, vol. 3 (Loeb Classical Library; London: William Heinemann; New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1923). Public domain in the US (published 1923). Scan: Internet Archive polybiushistorie0000wrpa_j3y3. link |
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P.Oxy. 209 (𝔓¹⁰) public domain P.Oxy. II 209 (𝔓¹⁰, Gregory–Aland papyrus 10): Romans 1:1–7, ed. Grenfell and Hunt (1899) | public domain | shown | B. P. Grenfell and A. S. Hunt, eds., The Oxyrhynchus Papyri, Part II (London: Egypt Exploration Fund, Graeco-Roman Branch, 1899), no. CCIX (209), pp. 8–9 and Plate II. Public domain; scan: Internet Archive oxyrhynchuspapyr02gren (Harold B. Lee Library, BYU copy). Manuscript: Cambridge, MA, Harvard University, Houghton Library MS Gr SM 2218 (formerly Semitic Museum inv. 2218). link |
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🔒︎ PTSDSSP 6B Copyrighted The Dead Sea Scrolls: Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek Texts with English Translations, vol. 6B: Pesharim, Other Commentaries, and Related Documents (Princeton Theological Seminary Dead Sea Scrolls Project) · xxv + 384 pp. (CiNii NCID BA56490291; ICCU SBN NAP0271734). Contains 1QpHab (critical text and English translation) with the other pesharim. | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Räisänen, Paul and the Law Copyrighted Heikki Räisänen, Paul and the Law (WUNT 29, 1983) · Mohr 1983 (ISBN 3161446291); Fortress 1986 (ISBN 0800619153), per Open Library OL4188690W. Give the edition with the page. | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Reitzenstein, Mysterienreligionen (1910) public domain Richard Reitzenstein, Die hellenistischen Mysterienreligionen: ihre Grundgedanken und Wirkungen (Leipzig and Berlin: Teubner, 1910) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | R. Reitzenstein, Die hellenistischen Mysterienreligionen: ihre Grundgedanken und Wirkungen. Vortrag gehalten in dem Wissenschaftlichen Predigerverein für Elsass-Lothringen den 11. November 1909 (Leipzig und Berlin: B. G. Teubner, 1910). Public domain (published 1910; Reitzenstein d. 1931). Scan: Internet Archive diehellenistisch0000rich_z3t2. link |
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🔒︎ Ridderbos, Paul Copyrighted Herman Ridderbos, Paul: An Outline of His Theology (1975) · English translation Eerdmans 1975 / SPCK 1977 (Open Library OL3359531W, SPCK ISBN 0281029997). The Eerdmans ISBN was not confirmed today: cite 'Eerdmans, 1975' with page. | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Robinson, Redating Copyrighted Redating the New Testament (John A. T. Robinson) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ P.Ryl. 457 Copyrighted Papyri: Greek P 457 (𝔓52, St John Fragment), University of Manchester Digital Collections | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Ryle–James, Pss. Sol. public domain H. E. Ryle and M. R. James, ΨΑΛΜΟΙ ΣΟΛΟΜΩΝΤΟΣ: Psalms of the Pharisees, commonly called the Psalms of Solomon (Cambridge, 1891) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Herbert Edward Ryle and Montague Rhodes James, ΨΑΛΜΟΙ ΣΟΛΟΜΩΝΤΟΣ. Psalms of the Pharisees, commonly called the Psalms of Solomon: the text newly revised from all the MSS., edited with introduction, English translation, notes, appendix and indices (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1891). Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive psalmsofthephari00unknuoft (Robarts Library, University of Toronto copy). link |
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Sanday–Headlam, Romans (ICC) public domain W. Sanday and A. C. Headlam, A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans (ICC, 1895; 5th ed. 1902) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | William Sanday and Arthur C. Headlam, A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans, International Critical Commentary (Edinburgh: T&T Clark; New York: Scribner, 1895; 5th ed. 1902). Public domain; scan: Internet Archive criticalexegetic00sand_0 (New York: Scribner, 1922 printing). link |
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🔒︎ Sanders, PLJP Copyrighted E. P. Sanders, Paul, the Law, and the Jewish People (1983) · Fortress 1983 (Open Library OL2933068W, ISBN 0800606981; SCM ISBN 033401218X). Distinct from Sanders, Paul and Palestinian Judaism (src.sanders-ppj, Historical Context's record). | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Sanders, PPJ Copyrighted E. P. Sanders, Paul and Palestinian Judaism: A Comparison of Patterns of Religion (1977) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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SBLGNT CC BY 4.0 The Greek New Testament: SBL Edition | CC BY 4.0 | shown | SBLGNT: Copyright 2010 by the Society of Biblical Literature and Logos Bible Software. Licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://github.com/LogosBible/SBLGNT link |
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🔒︎ Schreiner, Romans (BECNT) Copyrighted Thomas R. Schreiner, Romans (BECNT, 1998; 2nd ed. 2018) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Scroggs, NT and Homosexuality Copyrighted The New Testament and Homosexuality (Robin Scroggs) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Seifrid, Christ, Our Righteousness Copyrighted Mark A. Seifrid, Christ, Our Righteousness: Paul's Theology of Justification (NSBT 9, 2000) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Seneca (Gummere) public domain Moral Letters to Lucilius (Seneca), trans. R. M. Gummere | public domain | shown | Seneca, Ad Lucilium Epistulae Morales, trans. Richard M. Gummere, Loeb Classical Library, vol. 1 (London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1917). Public domain. Digital text: Wikisource. link |
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Shedd, Romans public domain William G. T. Shedd, A Critical and Doctrinal Commentary upon the Epistle of St. Paul to the Romans (1879) | public domain | shown | William G. T. Shedd, A Critical and Doctrinal Commentary upon the Epistle of St. Paul to the Romans (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1879). Public domain; scan: Internet Archive criticaldoctrina00shed. link |
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Sifre Num. CC BY-SA Sifre Numbers (Sifrei Bamidbar), Hebrew text from Hebrew Wikisource via Sefaria | CC BY-SA | shown, conditions apply | Sifrei Bamidbar, Hebrew text from Hebrew Wikisource (https://he.wikisource.org/wiki/ספרי), via Sefaria (https://www.sefaria.org), version 'Wikisource'. CC BY-SA. link |
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🔒︎ Snodgrass, NTS 1986 Copyrighted Klyne R. Snodgrass, 'Justification by Grace—to the Doers: An Analysis of the Place of Romans 2 in the Theology of Paul', NTS 32 (1986) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Sophocles, Ant. (Jebb) CC BY-SA 3.0 Antigone (Sophocles), trans. R. C. Jebb | CC BY-SA 3.0 | shown, conditions apply | Sophocles, Antigone, trans. R. C. Jebb (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1891); public-domain translation. Digital text: Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 3.0 US. link |
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Souter, Study of Ambrosiaster (1905) public domain Alexander Souter, A Study of Ambrosiaster (Texts and Studies 7.4, 1905) | public domain | shown | A. Souter, A Study of Ambrosiaster, Texts and Studies 7.4 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1905). Public domain (published 1905; Souter d. 1949). Scan: Internet Archive studyofambrosias00soutuoft (PIMS, University of Toronto copy). link |
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TAGNT CC BY 4.0 STEPBible TAGNT: Translators Amalgamated Greek NT | CC BY 4.0 | shown, conditions apply | "STEP Bible" (https://www.STEPBible.org). Data created by www.STEPBible.org based on work at Tyndale House Cambridge (CC BY 4.0). Source: https://github.com/STEPBible/STEPBible-Data link |
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TAHOT CC BY 4.0 STEPBible TAHOT: Translators Amalgamated Hebrew OT | CC BY 4.0 | shown, conditions apply | "STEP Bible" (https://www.STEPBible.org). Data created by www.STEPBible.org based on work at Tyndale House Cambridge (CC BY 4.0). Source: https://github.com/STEPBible/STEPBible-Data link |
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TBESG CC BY 4.0 STEPBible TBESG: Translators Brief lexicon of Extended Strongs for Greek | CC BY 4.0 | shown, conditions apply | "STEP Bible" (https://www.STEPBible.org). Data created by www.STEPBible.org based on work at Tyndale House Cambridge (CC BY 4.0). Source: https://github.com/STEPBible/STEPBible-Data link |
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🔒︎ TBESH CC BY 4.0 STEPBible TBESH: Translators Brief lexicon of Extended Strongs for Hebrew · TBESH .txt (extended Strong's mapped to BDB; brief definitions from Online Bible's Abridged BDB) | CC BY 4.0 | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ TFLSJ CC BY 4.0 STEPBible TFLSJ: Translators Formatted full LSJ Bible lexicon · TFLSJ 0-5624 and TFLSJ extra .txt (full LSJ entries for Bible words, edited by Tyndale House) | CC BY 4.0 | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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TVTMS CC BY 4.0 STEPBible TVTMS (versification mappings) | CC BY 4.0 | shown, conditions apply | "STEP Bible" (https://www.STEPBible.org). Data created by www.STEPBible.org based on work at Tyndale House Cambridge (CC BY 4.0). Source: https://github.com/STEPBible/STEPBible-Data link |
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🔒︎ VarApp CC0 1.0 VarApp: NT Manuscript Variant Apparatus (SWORD module 1.0, from laparola.net; used in STEPBible) · Not in STEPBible-Data: the STEPBible-Data repo at HEAD (commit be4191f0082aeedddb0eff0c02c966292b2bd641, 2026-10-24) has no VarApp file (full tree listed via the GitHub API). STEPBible's user guide says STEPBible 'includes the New Testament Manuscript Variant Apparatus (VarApp)' and that its data 'comes from http://www.laparola.net/greco/'. Pinned: https://crosswire.org/ftpmirror/pub/sword/packages/rawzip/VarApp.zip (Last-Modified 15 Jan 2014 16:50 GMT, i.e. 11:50 EST; 925,096 bytes; sha256 41077c896c3013d1f3fe722e992e14f055495c09f53cd49f5b7548bd8f78b3e2). Copy, conf and decompressed Romans OSIS (unmodified) in library/raw/crosswire-varapp/. | CC0 1.0 | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Stowers, Diatribe Copyrighted Stanley K. Stowers, The Diatribe and Paul's Letter to the Romans (SBLDS 57, 1981) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Strabo (Jones) CC BY-SA 3.0 The Geography of Strabo, trans. H. L. Jones | CC BY-SA 3.0 | shown, conditions apply | Strabo, The Geography of Strabo, trans. H. L. Jones, Loeb Classical Library, 8 vols. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; London: Heinemann, 1917-1932); book 14 is in vol. 6 (1929). Translation public domain in the US by date (vols. through 1930). Digital text: Perseus Digital Library (CC BY-SA 3.0 US). link |
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Stuart, Romans public domain Moses Stuart, A Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans, with a Translation and Various Excursus (London: Tegg, 1836) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Moses Stuart, A Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans: with a Translation and Various Excursus (London: printed for T. Tegg, 1836; American 2nd ed. Andover 1835). Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive commentaryonep00stua (Princeton Theological Seminary Library copy). link |
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🔒︎ Stuhlmacher, Romans Copyrighted Peter Stuhlmacher, Paul's Letter to the Romans: A Commentary (1994) · WJK 1994 (ISBN 0664252877) / T&T Clark (ISBN 0567292606), per Open Library OL3743283W. | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Suetonius (Rolfe) public domain The Lives of the Caesars (Suetonius), trans. J. C. Rolfe | public domain | shown | Suetonius, The Lives of the Caesars, trans. J. C. Rolfe, Loeb Classical Library (London: Heinemann; New York: Macmillan, 1914). Public domain by date. Digital text: LacusCurtius (Bill Thayer). link |
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Tacitus, Ann. (Church–Brodribb) public domain The Annals of Tacitus, trans. A. J. Church and W. J. Brodribb | public domain | shown | Annals of Tacitus, trans. Alfred John Church and William Jackson Brodribb (London: Macmillan, 1906 printing). Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive annalstacitustr00brodgoog. link |
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Tacitus, Hist. (Church–Brodribb) public domain The History of Tacitus, trans. A. J. Church and W. J. Brodribb | public domain | shown | The History of Tacitus, trans. Alfred John Church and William Jackson Brodribb (London and New York: Macmillan, 1894 printing). Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive historyoftacitus00taci. link |
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🔒︎ Tg. Neof. unknown Targum Neofiti (Codex Neofiti 1, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana) · Manuscript: Vatican Library, Neofiti 1 (digitized at https://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Neofiti.1, which returns 200). Digital transcription: Sefaria 'Targum Neofiti', version 'The Vatican Manuscript of the Targum Neofiti' (language he; versionSource http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Neofiti.1/), https://www.sefaria.org/Targum_Neofiti?vhe=The_Vatican_Manuscript_of_the_Targum_Neofiti | unknown | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Bible Scholarship & Tool CC BY 4.0 Bible Scholarship & Tools Team (original content) | CC BY 4.0 | shown | AISBT (AI Synthesized Bible Tools). Original team content (commentary, notes, studies, outlines, variant decisions and lexicon summaries), licensed CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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🔒︎ Thayer CC0 1.0 Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), nigelmsipa AI-OCR dataset · data/thayer_lexicon.jsonl (6,134 entries; also JSON, CSV, SQLite) | CC0 1.0 | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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39 Articles public domain Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion (English text of 1571), in Schaff, Creeds of Christendom | public domain | shown | Articles of Religion (Church of England), English text of 1571 with the Latin of 1563, as in Philip Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom, with a History and Critical Notes, 3 vols. (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1877; 6th ed. rev. David S. Schaff, 1919), vol. 3 (after Hardwick, History of the Articles of Religion, 1859). Public domain. link |
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🔒︎ Thorsteinsson, Interlocutor Copyrighted Runar M. Thorsteinsson, Paul's Interlocutor in Romans 2 (ConBNT 40, 2003) · Almqvist & Wiksell 2003 (ISBN 9122020470, Open Library OL8652923W); Wipf & Stock reprint 2015 (ISBN 1498239986). | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Tischendorf⁸ public domain Tischendorf, Novum Testamentum Graece, editio octava critica maior, vols. 1 (Gospels, 1869) and 2 (Acts–Revelation, 1872) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Constantinus Tischendorf, Novum Testamentum Graece ad antiquissimos testes denuo recensuit apparatum criticum omni studio perfectum apposuit commentationem isagogicam praetexuit, editio octava critica maior, vol. 1 (Lipsiae: Giesecke & Devrient, 1869); vol. 2 (1872). Public domain; scans: Internet Archive novumtestamentum01tisc and novumtestamentum02tisc (Wellesley College Library). link |
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TR (Scrivener 1894) public domain Scrivener's 1894 Textus Receptus (Robinson digitization) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | F. H. A. Scrivener, The New Testament in the Original Greek according to the Text followed in the Authorised Version (1894); public domain. Base text: Maurice A. Robinson, https://github.com/byztxt/greektext-scrivener. Accents from STEPBible TAGNT: "STEP Bible" (https://www.STEPBible.org), Tyndale House Cambridge, CC BY 4.0. link |
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Trent, Sess. 6 (Schaff) public domain Council of Trent, Session 6 (13 January 1547): Decree on Justification and Canons, Latin and English, in Schaff, Creeds of Christendom vol. 2 (Harper, 1896 printing; copyright 1877) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Canones et decreta Concilii Tridentini, Sessio Sexta (13 January 1547), Decretum de justificatione, Latin with English translation (Schaff follows the English of J. Waterworth, The Canons and Decrees of the Sacred and Oecumenical Council of Trent, London: Dolman, 1848, revised), in Philip Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom, vol. 2: The Greek and Latin Creeds (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1896; copyright 1877), pp. 89-118. Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive creedschristendo02scha; e-text CCEL creeds2.v.i.i.iv. link |
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Trent, Sess. 7 (Schaff) public domain Council of Trent, Session 7 (3 March 1547): Decree on the Sacraments, with the Canons on the Sacraments in General and on Baptism, Latin and English, in Schaff, Creeds of Christendom vol. 2 (Harper, 1896 printing; copyright 1877) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Canones et decreta Concilii Tridentini, Sessio Septima (3 March 1547), Decretum de sacramentis: canones de sacramentis in genere; de baptismo; de confirmatione, Latin with English translation (Schaff's English follows J. Waterworth, 1848, revised), in Philip Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom, vol. 2: The Greek and Latin Creeds (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1896; copyright 1877). Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive creedschristendo02scha. link |
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Tyndale Open Study Notes CC BY-SA 4.0 Tyndale Open Study Notes (Tyndale House Publishers, 2022), release 1.25 | CC BY-SA 4.0 | shown, conditions apply | Tyndale Open Study Notes, Copyright (C) 2022 by Tyndale House Publishers, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Required attribution for a modified or translated work (quoted from the package README): “Adapted from Tyndale Open Study Notes. The original work by Tyndale House Publishers is available for free at http://www.tyndaleopenresources.com.” link |
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🔒︎ UBS5 Copyrighted The Greek New Testament, 5th revised edition (UBS5) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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unfoldingWord TN CC BY-SA 4.0 unfoldingWord® Translation Notes (en_tn), v91 | CC BY-SA 4.0 | shown, conditions apply | unfoldingWord® Translation Notes, Copyright © 2026 by unfoldingWord, CC BY-SA 4.0. Required attribution on a derivative work (quoted from LICENSE.md): “The original work by unfoldingWord is available from unfoldingword.org/utn” (link https://www.unfoldingword.org/utn). In a modified copy the unfoldingWord® trademark must be removed. link |
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unfoldingWord TW CC BY-SA 4.0 unfoldingWord® Translation Words (en_tw), v91, with Translation Word Links (en_twl) | CC BY-SA 4.0 | shown, conditions apply | unfoldingWord® Translation Words, Copyright © 2026 by unfoldingWord, CC BY-SA 4.0; unfoldingWord® Translation Word Links, Copyright © 2026 by unfoldingWord, CC BY-SA 4.0. Required attribution on a derivative work (quoted from both LICENSE.md files): “The original work by unfoldingWord is available from unfoldingword.org/utw” (link https://www.unfoldingword.org/utw). In a modified copy the unfoldingWord® trademark must be removed. link |
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Dei Filius (1870) public domain Vatican Council I, Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith (Dei Filius, 1870), Latin and English, in Schaff, Creeds of Christendom vol. 2 (Harper, 1896 printing; copyright 1877) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | Constitutio dogmatica de fide catholica 'Dei Filius', Vatican Council, Session III, 24 April 1870. Latin from Acta et decreta … Concilii Vaticani (Friburgi Brisgoviae, 1871), fasc. 2, pp. 170–179; English from H. E. Manning, Petri Privilegium (London, 1871), part 3, pp. 192–203; both as printed in Philip Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom, vol. 2: The Greek and Latin Creeds (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1896; copyright 1877), pp. 234 ff. Public domain. link |
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Vos, 'Eschatological Aspect of the Spirit' public domain Geerhardus Vos, 'The Eschatological Aspect of the Pauline Conception of the Spirit' (1912) | public domain | shown | Geerhardus Vos, 'The Eschatological Aspect of the Pauline Conception of the Spirit', in Biblical and Theological Studies by the Members of the Faculty of Princeton Theological Seminary (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1912), pp. 209–259. Public domain; scan: Internet Archive biblicaltheologi00prin. link |
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🔒︎ Vulgate (Clem.) public domain Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Clementine), Clementine Text Project digital edition | public domain | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Wallace, GGBB Copyrighted Greek Grammar Beyond the Basics: An Exegetical Syntax of the New Testament (Wallace) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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WCF public domain Westminster Confession of Faith (original text, completed 1646) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | The Humble Advice of the Assembly of Divines … concerning a Confession of Faith (completed Dec. 1646; with proofs, 1647). Text as in Philip Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom, with a History and Critical Notes, 3 vols. (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1877; 6th ed. rev. David S. Schaff, 1919), vol. 3, from the Edinburgh 1647 reprint (Evan Tyler). Public domain. link |
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🔒︎ Wedderburn, Baptism and Resurrection Copyrighted A. J. M. Wedderburn, Baptism and Resurrection: Studies in Pauline Theology against Its Graeco-Roman Background (WUNT 44; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 1987) · 1987 hardback (x + 487 pp.); unrevised e-book edition 2019 (publisher's page). Page locators must come from a copy the citing agent has seen; none are checked here. | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Wesley, Notes NT (1755) public domain John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament (London: William Bowyer, 1755; first edition) | public domain | shown, conditions apply | John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament (London: Printed by William Bowyer, 1755). Public domain (published 1755; Wesley d. 1791). Scan: Internet Archive bim_eighteenth-century_explanatory-notes-upon-t_1755 (Internet Archive microfilm digitization of the British Museum/British Library copy, shelfmark 3051.dd.8; ESTC T94469). link |
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🔒︎ Westerholm, Perspectives Copyrighted Stephen Westerholm, Perspectives Old and New on Paul: The 'Lutheran' Paul and His Critics (2004) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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WH public domain B. F. Westcott and F. J. A. Hort, The New Testament in the Original Greek (text first published 1881; pinned scan is the Macmillan 1892 printing) | public domain | shown | Brooke Foss Westcott and Fenton John Anthony Hort, The New Testament in the Original Greek (Cambridge and London; New York: Macmillan and Co., text 1881; scanned printing 1892). Public domain. Scan: Internet Archive newtestamentinor00west_0. link |
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OSHB CC BY 4.0 Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (WLC text with lemma/morphology) | CC BY 4.0 | shown | Original work of the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible available at https://github.com/openscriptures/morphhb (lemma and morphology CC BY 4.0). Westminster Leningrad Codex text: public domain. link |
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🔒︎ Wright, 'Paul's Gospel and Caesar's Empire' Copyrighted Paul's Gospel and Caesar's Empire (N. T. Wright), in Paul and Politics, ed. R. A. Horsley | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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🔒︎ Wright, NIB Romans Copyrighted N. T. Wright, 'The Letter to the Romans', in The New Interpreter's Bible, vol. 10 (2002) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced | |
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Xenophon, Hell. (Brownson) CC BY-SA 3.0 Hellenica (Xenophon), trans. C. L. Brownson | CC BY-SA 3.0 | shown, conditions apply | Xenophon, Hellenica, trans. Carleton L. Brownson, Loeb Classical Library (London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1918); public-domain translation in the US. Digital text: Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 3.0 US. link |
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Xenophon, Mem. (Marchant) CC BY-SA 3.0 Memorabilia (Xenophon), trans. E. C. Marchant | CC BY-SA 3.0 | shown, conditions apply | Xenophon, Memorabilia, trans. E. C. Marchant, Loeb Classical Library (London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1923); public-domain translation in the US. Digital text: Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 3.0 US. link |
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🔒︎ Yamauchi, Mandaean Origins Copyrighted Gnostic Ethics and Mandaean Origins (Edwin M. Yamauchi) | Copyrighted | 🔒 reference only: cited, not reproduced |