Manuscript lens · variant unit

Gal 3:17 — θεοῦ / θεοῦ εἰς Χριστόν

Gal 3:17 · reading in

τοῦτο δὲ λέγω· διαθήκην προκεκυρωμένην ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ ὁ μετὰ τετρακόσια καὶ τριάκοντα ἔτη γεγονὼς νόμος οὐκ ἀκυροῖ, εἰς τὸ καταργῆσαι τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν.

BSB: “What I mean is this: The law that came 430 years later does not revoke the covenant previously established by God, so as to nullify the promise.”

SBLGNT: SBL Greek New Testament (SBLGNT). Copyright 2010 by the Society of Biblical Literature and Logos Bible Software. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://github.com/LogosBible/SBLGNT Apparatus sigla removed for display. · BSB (public domain)

Printed reading

θεοῦ

theou

(ratified) by God

ℵ · A · B · C · P · 17 · 23* · 67** · 80 · f · vg · cop · aeth

SBLGNTWHTregNA28 🔒︎

Alternative 1

θεοῦ εἰς Χριστόν

theou eis Christon

(ratified) by God in Christ

D · E · F · G · K · L · d · e · g · both Syriac versions · arm · Chrysostom · Theodoret · Theophylact · Ambrosiaster

ByzTR

Witnesses by century

Witness-dates timeline: pending sourcing. The dates are not yet backed by a sourced witness registry, so the timeline is hidden; the witnesses for each reading are listed above.

Decision

✓ Approved

Printed: θεοῦ
Confidence: high (team scale)
Significance: translation
Byz / TR: θεοῦ εἰς Χριστόν — open RP2018

Editorial decision: print θεοῦ without εἰς Χριστόν, with SBLGNT, WH, Treg, and NA28. Confidence high: ℵ A B C P and the Vulgate and Coptic lack it. Says On the printed text the covenant was ratified beforehand by God, and the later law does not annul it.

Evidence

7 sources

Editions: SBLGNT; RP2018 (Byz); Scrivener 1894 (TR). Treg and NA28 alignment follows the SBLGNT apparatus; NA28 is cited by reference only. WH is cited as printed. Sigla: corrector notation follows Tischendorf, as explained in src.tischendorf-8.

The unit is εἰς Χριστόν after ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ. SBLGNT, WH, Treg, and NA28 lack it; RP and TR print it.

Manuscripts (Tischendorf 8, vol. 2 (1872), p. 641, leaf n648 (novumtestamentum02tisc)): the octava prints θεοῦ without the addition, with ℵ A B C P, 17, 23*, 67**, 80, f, vg, cop, and aeth. ς adds εἰς Χριστόν with D E F G K L, most others, d e g, both Syriac versions, arm, Chrysostom, Theodoret, Theophylact, others, and Ambrosiaster; d e g, the Syriac, and Ambrosiaster render it “in Christ.”

WH (Westcott and Hort (1881; 1892 printing), p. 423, leaf n428 (newtestamentinor00west_0)) prints the text without the addition and has no margin reading here.

Minor variants (box lines): 3:17 τετρακόσια καὶ τριάκοντα ἔτη (SBLGNT) / ἔτη τετρακόσια καὶ τριάκοντα (RP, TR); 3:19 οὗ (SBLGNT, Treg, NA28, RP, TR) / ἂν (WH); 3:21 ἐκ νόμου ἂν (SBLGNT, Treg, NA28) / ἐν νόμῳ ἂν (WH) / ἂν ἐκ νόμου (RP, TR); 3:23 συγκλειόμενοι (SBLGNT) / συγκεκλεισμένοι (RP, TR); 3:28 πάντες (SBLGNT, WH, NA28, RP, TR) / ἅπαντες (Treg); 3:29 κατ’ (SBLGNT) / καὶ κατ’ (RP, TR).

Internal: The addition ties the covenant to Christ, as 3:16 does.

SBLGNT CC BY 4.0 RP2018 Unlicense TR (Scrivener 1894) public domain Tischendorf⁸ public domain WH public domain 🔒︎ NA28 Copyrighted Bible Scholarship & Tool CC BY 4.0

Gal 3:17 — θεοῦ / θεοῦ εἰς Χριστόν

Gal 3:17 · reading in

Witnesses by century

Galatians

Views · Gal 3:17