Manuscript lens · variant unit

Rom 2:5 — ἀποκαλύψεως δικαιοκρισίας / ἀποκαλύψεως καὶ δικαιοκρισίας

Rom 2:5 · reading in

κατὰ δὲ τὴν σκληρότητά σου καὶ ἀμετανόητον καρδίαν θησαυρίζεις σεαυτῷ ὀργὴν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ὀργῆς καὶ ἀποκαλύψεως δικαιοκρισίας τοῦ θεοῦ,

BSB: “But because of your hard and unrepentant heart, you are storing up wrath against yourself for the day of wrath, when God’s righteous judgment will be revealed.”

SBLGNT: SBL Greek New Testament (SBLGNT). Copyright 2010 by the Society of Biblical Literature and Logos Bible Software. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://github.com/LogosBible/SBLGNT Apparatus sigla removed for display. · BSB (public domain)

Printed reading

ἀποκαλύψεως δικαιοκρισίας τοῦ θεοῦ

apokalypseōs dikaiokrisias tou theou

of the revelation of the righteous judgment of God

ℵ* · A (ἀνταποδόσεως) · B · D* · E · G · it^d · it^e · it^g · vg · cop · syrsch · arm · Origen (divided) · Eusebius (divided) · Irenaeus (Lat.) · Cyprian · Lucifer

SBLGNTNA28 🔒︎WHTregTR

Alternative 1

ἀποκαλύψεως καὶ δικαιοκρισίας τοῦ θεοῦ

apokalypseōs kai dikaiokrisias tou theou

of revelation and of the righteous judgment of God

ℵc · Dc · K · L · P · syr^p · Origen (divided) · Eusebius (divided) · Ephraem · Basil · Chrysostom · Theodoret · Euthalius

Byz

Witnesses by century

Witness-dates timeline: pending sourcing. The dates are not yet backed by a sourced witness registry, so the timeline is hidden; the witnesses for each reading are listed above.

Decision

✓ Approved

Printed: ἀποκαλύψεως δικαιοκρισίας τοῦ θεοῦ
Confidence: high (team scale)
Significance: minor
Byz / TR: ἀποκαλύψεως καὶ δικαιοκρισίας τοῦ θεοῦ — open RP2018

Print the text without καί, with high confidence. The early majuscules of both Alexandrian and Western type, with the versions, are against καί, which looks like a stylistic easing. Meaning is hardly affected: either way the day is one of wrath and of God's righteous judgment revealed.

Evidence

7 sources

Editions (checked 2026-10-29): SBLGNT, RP2018, TR (local files); WH/Treg/NA28 from the SBLGNT apparatus; NA28 by reference only. Sigla: as in STYLE_GUIDE §2.3. Minuscules are Gregory–Aland numbers, with Tischendorf's Pauline number once in parentheses ("Tisch."); * = first hand, superscript ᶜ (stored as c, e.g. Dc) = a later corrector; full key in src.tischendorf-8. Minuscules whose Gregory–Aland number is not verified are summarized, not listed. Tischendorf names mainly dissenting witnesses, so some majuscules on the other side are inferred from his silence.

SBLGNT, WH, Treg and TR read ἀποκαλύψεως δικαιοκρισίας; RP2018 adds καί.

Manuscripts (Tischendorf 8, vol. 2 (1872), pp. 370–371; patristic attributions are his): without καί: ℵ* A B D* E G and many minuscules, the Latin d e g and vg, cop, syrsch, arm, Irenaeus (Lat.), Cyprian, Lucifer. With καί: ℵc Dc K L P, about 80 minuscules, syr^p, Ephraem, Basil, Chrysostom, Theodoret, Euthalius. Tischendorf cites Origen and Eusebius for both readings. He notes that a later hand in D removed καί again. A reads ἀνταποδόσεως for ἀποκαλύψεως.

Internal: καί turns one phrase ("the revelation of God's righteous judgment") into two coordinate nouns. That smooths a chain of three genitives, which favors the shorter text as the harder reading.

SBLGNT CC BY 4.0 RP2018 Unlicense TR (Scrivener 1894) public domain TAGNT CC BY 4.0 Tischendorf⁸ public domain 🔒︎ NA28 Copyrighted Bible Scholarship & Tool CC BY 4.0

Rom 2:5 — ἀποκαλύψεως δικαιοκρισίας / ἀποκαλύψεως καὶ δικαιοκρισίας

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