Manuscript lens · variant unit

Rom 4:19 — σῶμα νενεκρωμένον / σῶμα ἤδη νενεκρωμένον

Rom 4:19 · reading in

καὶ μὴ ἀσθενήσας τῇ πίστει κατενόησεν τὸ ἑαυτοῦ σῶμα νενεκρωμένον, ἑκατονταετής που ὑπάρχων, καὶ τὴν νέκρωσιν τῆς μήτρας Σάρρας,

BSB: “Without weakening in his faith, he acknowledged the decrepitness of his body (since he was about a hundred years old) and the lifelessness of Sarah’s womb.”

SBLGNT: SBL Greek New Testament (SBLGNT). Copyright 2010 by the Society of Biblical Literature and Logos Bible Software. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://github.com/LogosBible/SBLGNT Apparatus sigla removed for display. · BSB (public domain)

Printed reading

τὸ ἑαυτοῦ σῶμα νενεκρωμένον

to heautou sōma nenekrōmenon

his own body as good as dead

B · F · G · 1908 (Tisch. 47) · it^d · it^e · it^f · it^g · vg (am, demid, harl) · syrsch · syr^p · aeth · Origen (Lat.) · Chrysostom · Epiphanius

SBLGNT

Alternative 1

τὸ ἑαυτοῦ σῶμα ἤδη νενεκρωμένον

to heautou sōma ēdē nenekrōmenon

his own body already as good as dead

ℵ · A · C · D · E · K · L · P · cop · arm · Origen (Lat.) · Euthalius · Theodoret · John of Damascus · Theophylact · Oecumenius

NA28 🔒︎WHTregByzTR

Witnesses by century

Witness-dates timeline: pending sourcing. The dates are not yet backed by a sourced witness registry, so the timeline is hidden; the witnesses for each reading are listed above.

Decision

✓ Approved

Printed: τὸ ἑαυτοῦ σῶμα νενεκρωμένον
Confidence: low (team scale)
Significance: minor
Byz / TR: τὸ ἑαυτοῦ σῶμα ἤδη νενεκρωμένον — open RP2018

Print SBLGNT's text without ἤδη with low confidence; Tischendorf 8 omits it too. B with F G, the Old Latin, and syrsch has the shorter text, and an intensifying addition is easy to explain. The main alternative, ἤδη with ℵ A C D (printed by WH, Treg, and NA28), is strong. 'Already' adds emphasis only; the sense is the same.

Evidence

6 sources

Editions (checked 2026-10-30): SBLGNT, RP2018, TR (local files); WH/Treg/NA28 from the SBLGNT apparatus; NA28 by reference only. Sigla: as in STYLE_GUIDE §2.3. Minuscules are Gregory–Aland numbers, with Tischendorf's Pauline number once in parentheses ("Tisch."); * = first hand, superscript ᶜ (stored as c, e.g. Dc) = a later corrector (Tischendorf's notation); full key in src.tischendorf-8. Minuscules whose Gregory–Aland number is not verified are summarized, not listed. Tischendorf names mainly dissenting witnesses, so some majuscules on the other side are inferred from his silence.

SBLGNT and Tischendorf 8 (p. 384) omit ἤδη; WH, Treg, NA28, RP2018, and TR have it.

Manuscripts (Tischendorf 8, vol. 2 (1872), p. 384, leaf n391): without ἤδη: B F G, 1908 and one further minuscule, the Latin d e f g with three Vulgate manuscripts (am, demid, harl), syrsch, the Harklean text, aeth, Origen (Lat.), Chrysostom, Epiphanius. With ἤδη: ℵ A C D E K L P and most others, cop, the Harklean Syriac (under an asterisk), arm, the Clementine Vulgate, Origen (Lat.), Euthalius, Theodoret, John of Damascus, Theophylact, Oecumenius. Lachmann bracketed it.

Internal: ἤδη heightens the point and may be an addition; it could also have dropped out after σῶμα. The witnesses are divided, and Origen's Latin is on both sides.

SBLGNT CC BY 4.0 RP2018 Unlicense TR (Scrivener 1894) public domain Tischendorf⁸ public domain 🔒︎ NA28 Copyrighted Bible Scholarship & Tool CC BY 4.0

Rom 4:19 — σῶμα νενεκρωμένον / σῶμα ἤδη νενεκρωμένον

Rom 4:19 · reading in

Witnesses by century

Romans

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