AISBT ReaderGen 2:4: "These are the generations of the heavens and the earth"
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Gen 2:4: "These are the generations of the heavens and the earth"

Says Gen 2:4 opens אֵלֶּה תוֹלְדוֹת הַשָּׁמַיִם וְהָאָרֶץ בְּהִבָּרְאָם, "these are the generations of the heavens and the earth when they were created." BDB glosses תוֹלְדוֹת "generations, esp. in genealogies = account of a man and his descendants"; the BSB's "This is the account" is one English choice for it. The formula heads later sections: Gen 5:1 זֶה סֵפֶר תּוֹלְדֹת אָדָם, 6:9 אֵלֶּה תּוֹלְדֹת נֹחַ, 10:1, 11:10, 37:2, and also 11:27, 25:12, 19 and 36:1. The verse is a chiasm, הַשָּׁמַיִם וְהָאָרֶץ … אֶרֶץ וְשָׁמָיִם; בְּהִבָּרְאָם is a Niphal infinitive of the verb of 1:1, and בְּיוֹם עֲשׂוֹת spans the whole making (see xref.Gen.1.1.Gen.2.4.heb).

Uncertain Where 2:4a belongs. (1) It heads what follows, as the formula does elsewhere: it introduces what came from its subject. Keil–Delitzsch heads 2:4–4:26 "History of the Heavens and the Earth" (p. 70). Objection: "when they were created" looks back to Gen 1. (2) It closes Gen 1 as a subscription, with 2:4b opening the new account. Grounds: "created" and "the heavens and the earth" echo 1:1 and 2:3. Objection: everywhere else the formula is a heading. (3) The whole verse is a hinge that both closes and opens. The BSB keeps 2:4 together. No lean is taken here.

Claims

  • Saysאֵלֶּה תוֹלְדוֹת הַשָּׁמַיִם וְהָאָרֶץ בְּהִבָּרְאָם; BDB "generations … account of a man and his descendants"; the formula heads later sections (5:1; 6:9; 10:1; 11:10, 27; 25:12, 19; 36:1; 37:2); chiasm; Niphal infinitive; בְּיוֹם עֲשׂוֹת spans the whole making.
  • UncertainHeading of 2:4–4:26 (Keil p. 70), subscription to Gen 1, or hinge; no lean.

Citations

  • OSHB CC BY 4.0 Gen 2:4 (WLC/OSHB; morph HNcfpc, HR/VNc/Sp3mp, HR/Ncmsc, HVqc)
  • OSHB CC BY 4.0 Gen 5:1; 6:9; 10:1; 11:10; 37:2 (WLC/OSHB)
  • BDB CC BY 4.0 s.v. H8435, p. 410, entry j.bn.al; BDB 1906 page image, archive.org hebrewenglishlex00browuoft, leaf n433
  • Keil–Delitzsch, Pentateuch 1 public domain Keil, Pentateuch vol. 1 (Clark, Martin trans., 1868), on Gen 2:4, p. 70 (n73), read on the page image; section heading quoted
  • BSB public domain Gen 2:4
Sources OSHB CC BY 4.0 BSB public domain BDB CC BY 4.0 Keil–Delitzsch, Pentateuch 1 public domain Bible Scholarship & Tool CC BY 4.0

2026-11-10

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