Ps 82:8: "Arise, O God," for you will inherit among all the nations

Says 82:8 prays קוּמָה אֱלֹהִים שָׁפְטָה הָאָרֶץ ("Arise, O God, judge the earth," BSB); קוּמָה and שָׁפְטָה are Qal imperatives, second masculine singular, with a final ה. The ground is כִּי־אַתָּה תִנְחַל בְּכָל־הַגּוֹיִם ("for you will inherit among all the nations," literal). תִנְחַל is a Qal imperfect, second masculine singular; BDB glosses the Qal "take possession, inherit." The BSB's "all the nations are Your inheritance" recasts the verb as a noun clause.

Says The same verb and גּוֹיִם stand in Deut 32:8, בְּהַנְחֵל עֶלְיוֹן גּוֹיִם ("when Elyon gave the nations an inheritance," literal), and the noun in 32:9, נַחֲלָתוֹ ("Jacob His allotted inheritance," BSB). The link is shared wording.

Uncertain Whether 82:8 deliberately answers or reverses the allotment of Deut 32:8–9. No lean is taken here. It depends partly on the reading of Deut 32:8, where "sons of God" is the printed reading and the MT's לְמִסְפַּר בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל the named alternative (var.Deut.32.8.sons-of-israel), and on who is judged in this psalm.

Uncertain Whether 82:8 is messianic or eschatological. The lean is the plain sense: a prayer that God himself judge the earth, since all the nations are his. The main alternative reads it as a prayer for the final judgment, fulfilled in Christ's rule over the nations; see note.exegetical.Ps.82.8.arise-o-god.