ἀποκαλύπτεται twice: righteousness and wrath (1:17/1:18)
Says The same present passive verb, ἀποκαλύπτεται (apokalyptetai, "is being revealed"), appears in two parallel clauses: - 1:17: δικαιοσύνη γὰρ θεοῦ ἐν αὐτῷ ἀποκαλύπτεται - 1:18: Ἀποκαλύπτεται γὰρ ὀργὴ θεοῦ ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ
Each clause has γάρ, θεοῦ, and the verb.
Says Both verbs are present tense. The revelation is presented as ongoing, not only future.
Implies The parallel is deliberate. God's righteousness is revealed "in it," the gospel, as it is preached. God's wrath is revealed "from heaven" in the present handing-over of 1:24–28 (παρέδωκεν). The final day of wrath is still to come (2:5).
Uncertain How the second γάρ (1:18) relates to 1:17. It may ground the need for the gospel ("for wrath is already revealed"), or it may simply begin the new section. The team takes it as grounding the need for the gospel.
Claims
- Says1:17 and 1:18 use the same present passive ἀποκαλύπτεται, of God's righteousness and of God's wrath.
- ImpliesWrath is presently revealed in God's handing people over (1:24–28), ahead of the day of wrath (2:5).
- UncertainExact logical force of γάρ in 1:18; team: grounds the need for the gospel.
Citations
- Abbott-Smith public domain s.v. ἀποκαλύπτω
2026-10-28
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