ἐν ὁμοιώματι εἰκόνος: LXX vocabulary behind 1:23

Says Rom 1:23 says they "exchanged the glory of the incorruptible God ἐν ὁμοιώματι εἰκόνος φθαρτοῦ ἀνθρώπου καὶ πετεινῶν καὶ τετραπόδων καὶ ἑρπετῶν."

The wording was checked against the Swete scans. - Ps 106:20 (LXX 105:20) (vol. 2, p. 358): ἠλλάξαντο τὴν δόξαν αὐτῶν ἐν ὁμοιώματι μόσχου ἔσθοντος χόρτον. Swete's apparatus reads "αυτων] αυτου ℵc.a ART." - Jer 2:11 (vol. 3, p. 225): ἠλλάξατο τὴν δόξαν αὐτοῦ. Swete records no variant at αὐτοῦ. - Deut 4:16–18 (vol. 1, p. 349): γλυπτὸν ὁμοίωμα, πᾶσαν εἰκόνα, then ὁμοίωμα ἀρσενικοῦ ἢ θηλυκοῦ … κτήνους … ὀρνέου πτερωτοῦ … ἑρπετοῦ … ἰχθύος. - Gen 1:20–26 (vol. 1, p. 2): πετεινά, τετράποδα, ἑρπετά; κατ' εἰκόνα … καθ' ὁμοίωσιν.

Implies The exchange formula comes from Ps 106:20 and Jer 2:11. The pairing of ὁμοίωμα with εἰκών is closest to Deut 4:16. Paul's animal words (πετεινά, τετράποδα, ἑρπετά) match Gen 1 rather than Deut 4, which uses κτῆνος and ὄρνεον and adds fish.

Uncertain Whether Paul intends a specific allusion to Gen 1 (creation order reversed) or to Deut 4 (the idolatry warning). Both are likely heard together. Compare note.language.Rom.1.23.exchanged-glory and note.language.Rom.1.23.deut-4-likeness.