Rom 15:9–12: the Old Testament forms of the Gentile-praise citations
Says Rom 15:9, Διὰ τοῦτο ἐξομολογήσομαί σοι ἐν ἔθνεσι, καὶ τῷ ὀνόματί σου ψαλῶ, is Swete's Ps 17:50 (MT 18:50; ENG 18:49), διὰ τοῦτο ἐξομολογήσομαί σοι ἐν ἔθνεσιν, Κύριε, καὶ τῷ ὀνόματί σου ψαλῶ, without Κύριε (for יְהוָה) and with ἔθνεσι for ἔθνεσιν.
Says 2 Sam 22:50 has יְהוָה before "among the nations"; Swete's 2 Kingdoms reads σοι, Κύριε, ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν, καὶ ἐν τῷ ὀνόματί σου ψαλῶ. Paul's ἐν ἔθνεσι without article and καὶ τῷ ὀνόματί without ἐν agree with the Psalm form.
Says Ps 117:1, הַלְלוּ אֶת־יְהוָה כָּל־גּוֹיִם שַׁבְּחוּהוּ כָּל־הָאֻמִּים, has two plural imperatives. Swete's 116:1 has Αἰνεῖτε τὸν κύριον, πάντα τὰ ἔθνη, αἰνεσάτωσαν αὐτὸν πάντες οἱ λαοί, with a third plural second verb; Paul's καὶ ἐπαινεσάτωσαν is also third plural. Swete's apparatus has compound forms, second person (as in the Hebrew) in a corrector of ℵ, T and R, and καί in R and A's margin.
Says Isa 11:10 has שֹׁרֶשׁ יִשַׁי אֲשֶׁר עֹמֵד לְנֵס עַמִּים אֵלָיו גּוֹיִם יִדְרֹשׁוּ; Swete has ἡ ῥίζα τοῦ Ἰεσσαὶ καὶ ὁ ἀνιστάμενος ἄρχειν ἐθνῶν, ἐπ’ αὐτῷ ἔθνη ἐλπιοῦσιν, "rising to rule" for "standing as a banner" and "will hope" for "will seek." Paul follows this Greek, without ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ.
Uncertain These agreements compare forms; they cannot show which copies Paul used. No lean is taken here.
Implies Each text has the nations (גּוֹיִם; ἔθνη) praising or hoping in God, so Gentile praise (15:9a) is already spoken in Israel's Scriptures.
For Rom 15:10 see note.cross-reference.Deut.32.43.rom-15-10-form; see also note.exegetical.Rom.15.7-Rom.15.13.christ-and-gentile-praise.
Claims
- SaysRom 15:9 Διὰ τοῦτο ἐξομολογήσομαί σοι ἐν ἔθνεσι, καὶ τῷ ὀνόματί σου ψαλῶ is Swete Ps 17:50 (MT 18:50; ENG 18:49) διὰ τοῦτο ἐξομολογήσομαί σοι ἐν ἔθνεσιν, Κύριε, καὶ τῷ ὀνόματί σου ψαλῶ, without Κύριε (for יְהוָה) and with ἔθνεσι for ἔθνεσιν.
- Says2 Sam 22:50 has יְהוָה before בַּגּוֹיִם; Swete 2 Kingdoms 22:50 σοι, Κύριε, ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν, καὶ ἐν τῷ ὀνόματί σου ψαλῶ. Paul's ἐν ἔθνεσι without article and καὶ τῷ ὀνόματί without ἐν agree with the Psalm form.
- SaysPs 117:1 הַלְלוּ אֶת־יְהוָה כָּל־גּוֹיִם שַׁבְּחוּהוּ כָּל־הָאֻמִּים has two plural imperatives; Swete 116:1 has a third plural second verb (αἰνεσάτωσαν), as does Paul's καὶ ἐπαινεσάτωσαν; Swete's apparatus has compound forms, second person (as in the Hebrew) in a corrector of ℵ, T and R, and καί in R and A's margin.
- SaysIsa 11:10 שֹׁרֶשׁ יִשַׁי אֲשֶׁר עֹמֵד לְנֵס עַמִּים אֵלָיו גּוֹיִם יִדְרֹשׁוּ; Swete ἡ ῥίζα τοῦ Ἰεσσαὶ καὶ ὁ ἀνιστάμενος ἄρχειν ἐθνῶν, ἐπ’ αὐτῷ ἔθνη ἐλπιοῦσιν ("rising to rule" for "standing as a banner"; "will hope" for "will seek"); Paul follows this Greek, without ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ.
- UncertainThese agreements compare forms; they cannot show which copies Paul used. No lean.
- ImpliesEach text has the nations praising or hoping in God, so Gentile praise (Rom 15:9a) is already spoken in Israel's Scriptures.
Citations
- OSHB CC BY 4.0 Ps 18:50 MT (אוֹדְךָ morph HVhi1cs/Sp2ms; אֲזַמֵּרָה morph HVph1cs); 2 Sam 22:50 (אֲזַמֵּר morph HVpi1cs); Ps 117:1 (הַלְלוּ morph HVpv2mp; שַׁבְּחוּהוּ morph HVpv2mp/Sp3ms); Isa 11:10 (עֹמֵד morph HVqrmsa; יִדְרֹשׁוּ morph HVqi3mp)
- BDB CC BY 4.0 יָדָה (H3034), p. 392, entry j.at.aa; הָלַל (H1984), p. 237, entry e.bp.aa; שָׁבַח (H7623), p. 986, entry v.aq.aa; דָּרַשׁ (H1875), p. 205, entry d.cm.aa
- LXX (Swete) CC BY-SA 4.0 2 Kingdoms 22:50 (vol. 1 p. 663; apparatus: no entry at 50). LXX read on the Swete page image, vol. 1 (1909), p. 663. Ps 17:50 (vol. 2 p. 233; apparatus: "εθνεσι U"); Ps 116:1 (vol. 2 p. 373; apparatus: "αινεσατωσαν] επαινεσαται ℵ^c.a T (-τε) ϗ (A^a?(mg)) επεναισατωσαν A και επαινεσατε R"). LXX read on the Swete page image, vol. 2 (1896), pp. 233, 373. Isa 11:10 (vol. 3 p. 122; apparatus: "εθνω (sic) A"). LXX read on the Swete page image, vol. 3 (1912), p. 122.
- SBLGNT CC BY 4.0 Rom 15:9–12
- BSB public domain Ps 18:49; 2 Sam 22:50; Ps 117:1; Isa 11:10
Quotations from LXX (Swete) are used under CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credits
2026-11-10
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