οὐ γάρ ἐστιν προσωπολημψία παρὰ τῷ θεῷ

Says 2:11 grounds 2:6–10 (γάρ): "For God does not show favoritism" (BSB). The noun προσωπολημψία (prosōpolēmpsia) is built from the phrase πρόσωπον λαμβάνειν, "to receive the face," that is, to be partial. Abbott-Smith glosses it "respect of persons" and marks it as found neither in the Greek OT versions nor in classical writers. Its NT uses are Rom 2:11; Eph 6:9; Col 3:25; Jas 2:1. The related forms are προσωπολήμπτης (Acts 10:34) and ἀπροσωπολήμπτως (1 Pet 1:17, of the Father who judges κατὰ τὸ ἑκάστου ἔργον). The Byzantine spelling is προσωποληψία (RP2018); the difference is orthographic.

Says The idiom is Hebrew. In Deut 10:17 God is the one who לֹא־יִשָּׂא פָנִים (lo'-yissa' fanim, "does not lift faces"), which Swete's LXX renders ὅστις οὐ θαυμάζει πρόσωπον (vol. 1, p. 364). At Lev 19:15 the LXX has οὐ λήμψῃ πρόσωπον πτωχοῦ (vol. 1, p. 229), and Paul uses the same phrase in Gal 2:6 (πρόσωπον θεὸς ἀνθρώπου οὐ λαμβάνει).

Implies In context impartiality cuts both ways. "Jew first" (2:9–10) gives no exemption, and Gentiles are not excluded. The same law of judgment by deeds applies to all (2:6, 12).