Rom 2:29: a "Judah"/"praise" wordplay? (Gen 29:35; 49:8)
Says Rom 2:29 ends οὗ ὁ ἔπαινος οὐκ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων ἀλλʼ ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ ("whose praise is not from people but from God"), after naming the true Jew (2:28–29).
Says At Judah's birth Leah says הַפַּעַם אוֹדֶה אֶת־יְהוָה (happa'am odeh et-YHWH, "this time I will praise the Lord"), עַל־כֵּן קָרְאָה שְׁמוֹ יְהוּדָה ('al-ken qar'ah shemo yehudah, "therefore she called his name Judah"; BDB p. 397). אוֹדֶה is the Hiphil of יָדָה, which BDB glosses in the Hiphil "give thanks, laud, praise" (p. 392). Jacob's blessing plays on the name again: יְהוּדָה אַתָּה יוֹדוּךָ אַחֶיךָ (yehudah attah yodukha akhekha, "Judah, your brothers shall praise you," Gen 49:8).
Says Swete's LXX has Νῦν ἔτι τοῦτο ἐξομολογήσομαι Κυρίῳ (Gen 29:35) and Ἰούδα, σὲ αἰνέσαισαν οἱ ἀδελφοί σου (Gen 49:8). The Greek keeps no play on the name.
Uncertain Whether Paul intends a play on "Judah" and "praise." For it: οὗ refers back to the Jew of 2:29, and in Gen 49:8 Judah is the one praised, as the true Jew is praised by God. Against it: the play works only in Hebrew, Paul gives no marker, and in Gen 29:35 it is God who is praised, not Judah. It is possible but cannot be shown, so nothing should be built on it.
Claims
- SaysGen 29:35 אוֹדֶה … יְהוּדָה and Gen 49:8 יְהוּדָה … יוֹדוּךָ link the name Judah to 'praise' (Hiphil of ידה).
- SaysSwete's LXX (ἐξομολογήσομαι; αἰνέσαισαν) keeps no play on the name.
- UncertainWhether Rom 2:29 plays on 'Judah' and 'praise': possible, not demonstrable.
Citations
- OSHB CC BY 4.0 Gen 29:35 (morph HVhi1cs); Gen 49:8 (morph HVhi3mp/Sp2ms)
- BDB CC BY 4.0 s.v. yadah (H3034), p. 392, entry j.at.aa; s.v. yehudah (H3063), p. 397, entry j.av.ai
- LXX (Swete) CC BY-SA 4.0 Gen 29:35; 49:8. LXX checked against Swete scan, vol. 1 (1909), pp. 53, 99.
- SBLGNT CC BY 4.0 Rom 2:28–29
Quotations from LXX (Swete) are used under CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credits
2026-10-29
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