language · Rom 9:7; Rom 9:9; Rom 9:12 · ✓ Approved

Rom 9:7, 9, 12: Gen 21:12; 18:10, 14; and 25:23 (MT and LXX)

Says Rom 9:7 quotes Gen 21:12, בְיִצְחָק יִקָּרֵא לְךָ זָרַע (veyitskhaq yiqqare' lekha zara', "through Isaac your offspring will be reckoned," BSB). Swete has ὅτι ἐν Ἰσαὰκ κληθήσεταί σοι σπέρμα; Paul's Ἐν Ἰσαὰκ κληθήσεταί σοι σπέρμα is the LXX without its opening conjunction.

Says Rom 9:9 combines Gen 18:10 and 18:14. The MT of 18:14 reads לַמּוֹעֵד אָשׁוּב אֵלֶיךָ כָּעֵת חַיָּה וּלְשָׂרָה בֵן (lammo'ed ashuv eleykha ka'et khayyah ulesarah ven, "At the appointed time I will return to you—in about a year—and Sarah will have a son," BSB). Paul's Κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν τοῦτον ἐλεύσομαι καὶ ἔσται τῇ Σάρρᾳ υἱός takes κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν τοῦτον from 18:10 and καὶ ἔσται τῇ Σάρρᾳ υἱός from 18:14, with his own verb ἐλεύσομαι.

Says Rom 9:12 quotes Gen 25:23, וְרַב יַעֲבֹד צָעִיר (verav ya'avod tsa'ir, "the older will serve the younger," BSB). Swete has καὶ ὁ μείζων δουλεύσει τῷ ἐλάσσονι; Paul's Ὁ μείζων δουλεύσει τῷ ἐλάσσονι is the LXX.

On Gen 18:10–14 in Romans see xref.Rom.4.19-Rom.4.21.Gen.18.11-Gen.18.14.heb; on Abraham's offspring see the Rom 4 records.

Claims

SaysRom 9:7 Ἐν Ἰσαὰκ κληθήσεταί σοι σπέρμα quotes Gen 21:12 בְיִצְחָק יִקָּרֵא לְךָ זָרַע as in the LXX (ὅτι ἐν Ἰσαὰκ κληθήσεταί σοι σπέρμα) without its opening conjunction.
SaysRom 9:9 Κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν τοῦτον ἐλεύσομαι καὶ ἔσται τῇ Σάρρᾳ υἱός combines Gen 18:10 (κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν τοῦτον) and 18:14 (καὶ ἔσται τῇ Σάρρᾳ υἱός; MT לַמּוֹעֵד אָשׁוּב אֵלֶיךָ כָּעֵת חַיָּה וּלְשָׂרָה בֵן) with Paul's own verb ἐλεύσομαι.
SaysRom 9:12 Ὁ μείζων δουλεύσει τῷ ἐλάσσονι quotes Gen 25:23 וְרַב יַעֲבֹד צָעִיר as in the LXX (καὶ ὁ μείζων δουλεύσει τῷ ἐλάσσονι).

Citations

OSHB CC BY 4.0 Gen 21:12; 18:10, 14; 25:23
LXX (Swete) CC BY-SA 4.0 Gen 18:10, 14 (vol. 1 p. 27), 21:12 (p. 33), 25:23 (p. 43); apparatus: nothing at the quoted words. LXX checked against Swete scan, vol. 1 (1909), pp. 27, 33, 43.
SBLGNT CC BY 4.0 Rom 9:7, 9, 12
BSB public domain Gen 21:12; 18:14; 25:23

Sources OSHB CC BY 4.0 LXX (Swete) CC BY-SA 4.0 SBLGNT CC BY 4.0 BSB public domain Bible Scholarship & Tool CC BY 4.0

Quotations from LXX (Swete) are used under CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credits

2026-11-04

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