Faith in Jesus Christ or the faithfulness of Jesus Christ (Romans 3:22, 26)

Says God's righteousness comes διὰ πίστεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ "to all who believe" (3:22, BSB). In 3:26 God justifies τὸν ἐκ πίστεως Ἰησοῦ, which the BSB renders "the one who has faith in Jesus" (3:26, BSB). The name in 3:26 is secure (var.Rom.3.26.iesou; lex.G4102).

Uncertain Whether πίστις Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ is an objective genitive, "faith in Jesus Christ," or a subjective genitive, "the faithfulness of Jesus Christ" (note.language.Rom.3.22.pistis-iesou-christou). The two readings are set out on equal terms; this commentary leans, loosely, to the objective reading, and neither is the team's position (compare note.language.Rom.1.17.ek-pisteos-eis-pistin, which left 3:26 to this debate): - Objective. In Gal 2:16 Paul says "we too have believed in Christ Jesus" (literal) between two such phrases. πίστις takes a personal object in the genitive elsewhere (Mark 11:22, ἔχετε πίστιν θεοῦ), and the BSB takes it this way. It is held by src.moo-romans, src.schreiner-romans, and src.cranfield-icc-romans. Its difficulty is that 3:22 then names the believer's faith twice. - Subjective. God's own πίστις in 3:3 and Abraham's πίστις in 4:16 are genitives of the one who is faithful or believes, and this reading avoids the repetition in 3:22. It is held by src.wright-nib-romans. Its difficulty is that Paul never speaks unambiguously of Christ's πίστις elsewhere, while in Gal 2:16 Christ is plainly the one believed in.

Says On either reading, justification comes through the believer's faith in Christ: εἰς πάντας τοὺς πιστεύοντας, "to all who believe" (3:22, BSB), and καὶ ἡμεῖς εἰς Χριστὸν Ἰησοῦν ἐπιστεύσαμεν (Gal 2:16). The question concerns one phrase, not whether faith in Christ is necessary.