Rom 11:8–10: Deut 29:4 with Isa 29:10, and Ps 69:22–23 (MT and LXX)
Says Rom 11:8 joins Deut 29:4 (MT 29:3) and Isa 29:10. Deut has וְלֹא־נָתַן יְהוָה לָכֶם לֵב לָדַעַת וְעֵינַיִם לִרְאוֹת (velo'-natan YHWH lakhem lev lada'at ve'enayim lir'ot, "the Lord has not given you a mind to understand, eyes to see," BSB); Swete has καὶ οὐκ ἔδωκεν … καρδίαν εἰδέναι καὶ ὀφθαλμοὺς βλέπειν καὶ ὦτα ἀκούειν.
Says Paul's Ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς ὁ θεὸς πνεῦμα κατανύξεως, ὀφθαλμοὺς τοῦ μὴ βλέπειν καὶ ὦτα τοῦ μὴ ἀκούειν, ἕως τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας turns "has not given … eyes to see" into God's giving "eyes not to see." The phrase πνεῦμα κατανύξεως comes from Isa 29:10 in Swete, πεπότικεν ὑμᾶς Κύριος πνεύματι κατανύξεως, where the MT has רוּחַ תַּרְדֵּמָה (ruakh tardemah, "a spirit of deep sleep," BSB; BDB p. 922).
Says Rom 11:9–10 quotes Ps 69:22–23 (MT 69:23–24; Swete 68:23–24). Swete has γενηθήτω ἡ τράπεζα αὐτῶν ἐνώπιον αὐτῶν εἰς παγίδα, καὶ εἰς ἀνταπόδοσιν καὶ εἰς σκάνδαλον; Paul has Γενηθήτω ἡ τράπεζα αὐτῶν εἰς παγίδα καὶ εἰς θήραν καὶ εἰς σκάνδαλον καὶ εἰς ἀνταπόδομα αὐτοῖς: no "before them," "a trap" added, "retribution" last.
Says In Ps 69:23 (MT 69:24), וּמָתְנֵיהֶם תָּמִיד הַמְעַד (umotneyhem tamid ham'ad, "make their loins shake continually," literal) has the dual "loins" (BDB p. 608); Swete καὶ τὸν νῶτον αὐτῶν διὰ παντὸς σύνκαμψον and Paul's καὶ τὸν νῶτον αὐτῶν διὰ παντὸς σύγκαμψον have the singular "back" and the verb "bend."
Uncertain How hardening relates to unbelief is left open; see note.exegetical.Rom.9.6-Rom.9.24.how-election-works.
For the jealousy of 11:11, 14 (Deut 32:21) see note.language.Deut.32.21.lxx-parazeloso and xref.Rom.10.19.Deut.32.21.heb.
Claims
- SaysRom 11:8 joins Deut 29:4 (MT 29:3; MT וְלֹא־נָתַן יְהוָה לָכֶם לֵב לָדַעַת וְעֵינַיִם לִרְאוֹת; Swete καὶ οὐκ ἔδωκεν … καρδίαν εἰδέναι καὶ ὀφθαλμοὺς βλέπειν καὶ ὦτα ἀκούειν) and Isa 29:10.
- SaysPaul's Ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς ὁ θεὸς πνεῦμα κατανύξεως, ὀφθαλμοὺς τοῦ μὴ βλέπειν καὶ ὦτα τοῦ μὴ ἀκούειν, ἕως τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας turns the negative into God's giving "eyes not to see"; πνεῦμα κατανύξεως is from Swete Isa 29:10 (πεπότικεν ὑμᾶς Κύριος πνεύματι κατανύξεως) for MT רוּחַ תַּרְדֵּמָה.
- SaysRom 11:9–10 quotes Ps 69:22–23 (Swete 68:23–24 γενηθήτω ἡ τράπεζα αὐτῶν ἐνώπιον αὐτῶν εἰς παγίδα, καὶ εἰς ἀνταπόδοσιν καὶ εἰς σκάνδαλον); Paul (Γενηθήτω ἡ τράπεζα αὐτῶν εἰς παγίδα καὶ εἰς θήραν καὶ εἰς σκάνδαλον καὶ εἰς ἀνταπόδομα αὐτοῖς) omits "before them," adds "a trap" and moves "retribution" to the end.
- SaysMT וּמָתְנֵיהֶם תָּמִיד הַמְעַד has the dual "loins"; Swete καὶ τὸν νῶτον αὐτῶν διὰ παντὸς σύνκαμψον and Paul καὶ τὸν νῶτον αὐτῶν διὰ παντὸς σύγκαμψον have the singular "back" and the verb "bend."
- UncertainHow hardening relates to unbelief is left open; see note.exegetical.Rom.9.6-Rom.9.24.how-election-works.
Citations
- OSHB CC BY 4.0 Deut 29:3 (= ENG 29:4); Isa 29:10; Ps 69:23–24 (= ENG 69:22–23; וּמָתְנֵיהֶם morph HC/Ncmdc/Sp3mp; הַמְעַד morph HVhv2ms)
- BDB CC BY 4.0 תַּרְדֵּמָה (H8639), p. 922, entry t.bb.ab; שִׁלּוּם (H7966), p. 1024, entry v.ds.ak; מַתְנַ֫יִם (H4975), p. 608, entry m.ee.ab; מָעַד (H4571), p. 588, entry m.cu.aa
- LXX (Swete) CC BY-SA 4.0 Deut 29:4, margin "(3)" (vol. 1 p. 403; apparatus: "βλεπειν … pr του A | ωτα] pr τα A"). LXX read on the Swete page image, vol. 1 (1909), p. 403.
- LXX (Swete) CC BY-SA 4.0 Ps 68:23–24 (vol. 2 p. 301; apparatus: "23 πακιδα ℵ | 24 συγκαμψον B^b"). LXX read on the Swete page image, vol. 2 (1896), p. 301.
- LXX (Swete) CC BY-SA 4.0 Isa 29:10 (vol. 3 p. 151; apparatus: "πνευματι] πνα ℵ"). LXX read on the Swete page image, vol. 3 (1912), p. 151.
- SBLGNT CC BY 4.0 Rom 11:8–10
- BSB public domain Deut 29:4; Isa 29:10
Quotations from LXX (Swete) are used under CC BY-SA 4.0 · Credits
2026-11-04
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