Letter to the Romans
Rom 1
Berean Standard Bible, with the SBLGNT beneath the selected verse, with the SBLGNT beneath every verse, with an SBLGNT interlinear beneath every verse.
Certainty
Says · the text states it
Implies · strong inference
Uncertain · views differ
Romans 1:1–7 · Paul, the gospel of God, and the Son
Paul, a servant of Christ Jesus, called to be an apostle, and set apart for the gospel of God—
ΠαῦλοςPaulN-NSM-Pδοῦλοςa servantN-NSMΧριστοῦof ChristN-GSM-TἸησοῦ,JesusN-GSM-Pκλητὸςa calledA-NSMἀπόστολος,apostleN-NSMἀφωρισμένοςset apartV-RPP-NSMεἰςforPREPεὐαγγέλιον[the] gospelN-ASNθεοῦof God,N-GSM-T
2the gospel He promised beforehand through His prophets in the Holy Scriptures,
ὃwhichR-ASNπροεπηγγείλατοHe promised beforehandV-ADI-3SδιὰthroughPREPτῶνtheT-GPMπροφητῶνprophetsN-GPMαὐτοῦof HimP-GSMἐνinPREPγραφαῖς[the] ScripturesN-DPFἁγίαιςHolyA-DPF
3regarding His Son, who was a descendant of David according to the flesh,
περὶconcerningPREPτοῦtheT-GSMυἱοῦSonN-GSMαὐτοῦ,of Him,P-GSMτοῦwhoT-GSMγενομένουhaving comeV-2ADP-GSMἐκof [the]PREPσπέρματοςseedN-GSNΔαυὶδof DavidN-GSM-Pκατὰaccording toPREPσάρκα,flesh,N-ASF
4and who through the Spirit of holiness was declared with power to be the Son of God by His resurrection from the dead: Jesus Christ our Lord.
τοῦwhoT-GSMὁρισθέντοςhaving been declaredV-APP-GSMυἱοῦSonN-GSMθεοῦof GodN-GSM-TἐνinPREPδυνάμειpowerN-DSFκατὰaccording to [the]PREPπνεῦμαSpiritN-ASNἁγιωσύνηςof holinessN-GSFἐξbyPREPἀναστάσεωςresurrectionN-GSFνεκρῶν,[from the] dead,A-GPMἸησοῦJesusN-GSM-PΧριστοῦChristN-GSM-TτοῦtheT-GSMκυρίουLordN-GSM-Tἡμῶν,of us,P-1GP
5Through Him and on behalf of His name, we received grace and apostleship to call all those among the Gentiles to the obedience that comes from faith.
δι’throughPREPοὗwhomR-GSMἐλάβομενwe have receivedV-2AAI-1PχάρινgraceN-ASFκαὶandCONJἀποστολὴνapostleshipN-ASFεἰςuntoPREPὑπακοὴνobedienceN-ASFπίστεωςof faithN-GSFἐνamongPREPπᾶσινallA-DPNτοῖςtheT-DPNἔθνεσινGentilesN-DPNὑπὲρon behalf ofPREPτοῦtheT-GSNὀνόματοςnameN-GSNαὐτοῦ,of Him,P-GSM
6And you also are among those who are called to belong to Jesus Christ.
ἐνamongPREPοἷςwhomR-DPNἐστεareV-PAI-2PκαὶalsoCONJὑμεῖςyou yourselvesP-2NPκλητοὶcalledA-NPMἸησοῦof JesusN-GSM-PΧριστοῦ,Christ;N-GSM-T
7To all in Rome who are loved by God and called to be saints: Grace and peace to you from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.
πᾶσινTo allA-DPMτοῖςthoseT-DPMοὖσινbeingV-PAP-DPMἐνinPREPῬώμῃRomeN-DSF-LἀγαπητοῖςbelovedA-DPMθεοῦ,of GodN-GSM-Tκλητοῖςto [those] calledA-DPMἁγίοις·saints:A-DPMχάριςGraceN-NSFὑμῖνto youP-2DPκαὶandCONJεἰρήνηpeaceN-NSFἀπὸfromPREPθεοῦGodN-GSM-Tπατρὸς[the] FatherN-GSM-Tἡμῶνof usP-1GPκαὶandCONJκυρίου[the] LordN-GSM-TἸησοῦJesusN-GSM-PΧριστοῦ.Christ.N-GSM-T
Romans 1:8–15 · Thanksgiving, prayer, and the obligation to preach
8First, I thank my God through Jesus Christ for all of you, because your faith is being proclaimed all over the world.
ΠρῶτονFirstA-ASNμὲνindeedPRTεὐχαριστῶI thankV-PAI-1SτῷtheT-DSMθεῷGodN-DSM-Tμουof mineP-1GSδιὰthroughPREPἸησοῦJesusN-GSM-PΧριστοῦChristN-GSM-TπερὶforPREPπάντωνallA-GPMὑμῶν,of youP-2GPὅτιbecauseCONJἡtheT-NSFπίστιςfaithN-NSFὑμῶνof youP-2GPκαταγγέλλεταιis being proclaimedV-PPI-3SἐνinPREPὅλῳallA-DSMτῷtheT-DSMκόσμῳ.world;N-DSM
9God, whom I serve with my spirit in preaching the gospel of His Son, is my witness how constantly I remember you
μάρτυςWitnessN-NSMγάρforCONJμούmeP-1GSἐστινisV-PAI-3Sὁ<the>T-NSMθεός,God,N-NSM-TᾧwhomR-DSMλατρεύωI serveV-PAI-1SἐνinPREPτῷtheT-DSNπνεύματίspiritN-DSNμουof mineP-1GSἐνinPREPτῷtheT-DSNεὐαγγελίῳgospelN-DSNτοῦof theT-GSMυἱοῦSonN-GSMαὐτοῦ,of Him,P-GSMὡςhowPRTἀδιαλείπτωςunceasinglyADVμνείανmentionN-ASFὑμῶνof youP-2GPποιοῦμαιI makeV-PMI-1S
10in my prayers at all times, asking that now at last by God’s will I may succeed in coming to you.
πάντοτεalwaysADVἐπὶuponPREPτῶνtheT-GPFπροσευχῶνprayersN-GPFμου,of mineP-1GSδεόμενος[10] imploring,V-PNP-NSMεἴifCONDπωςsomehowPRTἤδηnowADVποτὲat lastPRTεὐοδωθήσομαιI will succeedV-FPI-1SἐνbyPREPτῷtheT-DSNθελήματιwillN-DSNτοῦ<the>T-GSMθεοῦof GodN-GSM-Tἐλθεῖνto comeV-2AANπρὸςtoPREPὑμᾶς.you;P-2AP
11For I long to see you so that I may impart to you some spiritual gift to strengthen you,
ἐπιποθῶI longV-PAI-1SγὰρforCONJἰδεῖνto seeV-2AANὑμᾶς,you,P-2APἵναthatCONJτιsomeX-ASNμεταδῶI may impartV-2AAS-1SχάρισμαgiftN-ASNὑμῖνto youP-2DPπνευματικὸνspiritualA-ASNεἰςtoPREPτὸtheT-ASNστηριχθῆναιstrengtheningV-APNὑμᾶς,of you,P-2AP
12that is, that you and I may be mutually encouraged by each other’s faith.
τοῦτοthatD-NSNδέnowCONJἐστινisV-PAI-3Sσυμπαρακληθῆναιto be encouraged togetherV-APNἐνamongPREPὑμῖνyouP-2DPδιὰthroughPREPτῆςtheT-GSFἐνamongPREPἀλλήλοιςone anotherC-DPMπίστεωςfaithN-GSFὑμῶνof youP-2GPτεbothCONJκαὶandCONJἐμοῦ.of me.S-1SGSN
13I do not want you to be unaware, brothers, how often I planned to come to you (but have been prevented from visiting until now), in order that I might have a harvest among you, just as I have had among the other Gentiles.
οὐNotPRT-NθέλωI do wantV-PAI-1SδὲnowCONJὑμᾶςyouP-2APἀγνοεῖν,to be ignorant,V-PANἀδελφοί,brothers,N-VPMὅτιthatCONJπολλάκιςmany timesADVπροεθέμηνI purposedV-2AMI-1Sἐλθεῖνto comeV-2AANπρὸςtoPREPὑμᾶς,youP-2APκαὶandCONJἐκωλύθηνwas hinderedV-API-1SἄχριuntilPREPτοῦtheT-GSMδεῦρο,present,INJἵναthatCONJτινὰsomeX-ASMκαρπὸνfruitN-ASMσχῶI may haveV-2AAS-1SκαὶalsoCONJἐνamongPREPὑμῖνyouP-2DPκαθὼςeven asCONJκαὶevenCONJἐνamongPREPτοῖςtheT-DPNλοιποῖςotherA-DPNἔθνεσιν.Gentiles.N-DPN
14I am obligated both to Greeks and non-Greeks, both to the wise and the foolish.
ἝλλησίνTo GreeksN-DPM-LGτεbothCONJκαὶandCONJβαρβάροις,to barbarians,A-DPMσοφοῖςto [the] wiseA-DPMτεbothCONJκαὶandCONJἀνοήτοιςto [the] foolishA-DPMὀφειλέτηςa debtorN-NSMεἰμί·I am;V-PAI-1S
15That is why I am so eager to preach the gospel also to you who are in Rome.
οὕτωςThusADVτὸ<the>T-NSNκατ’as toPREPἐμὲme myself [there is]P-1ASπρόθυμονreadinessA-NSNκαὶalsoCONJὑμῖνto youP-2DPτοῖςwho [are]T-DPMἐνinPREPῬώμῃRomeN-DSF-Lεὐαγγελίσασθαι.to evangelise.V-AMN
Romans 1:16–17 · The theme of the letter
16I am not ashamed of the gospel, because it is the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes, first to the Jew, then to the Greek.
ΟὐNotPRT-NγὰρforCONJἐπαισχύνομαιI am ashamed ofV-PNI-1SτὸtheT-ASNεὐαγγέλιον,gospelN-ASNδύναμις[the] powerN-NSFγὰρforCONJθεοῦof GodN-GSM-Tἐστινit isV-PAI-3SεἰςuntoPREPσωτηρίανsalvationN-ASFπαντὶto everyoneA-DSMτῷwhoT-DSMπιστεύοντι,is believing —V-PAP-DSMἸουδαίῳto JewN-DSM-PGτεbothCONJπρῶτονfirstA-ASNκαὶandCONJἝλληνι·to Greek.N-DSM-LG
17For the gospel reveals the righteousness of God that comes by faith from start to finish, just as it is written: “The righteous will live by faith.”
δικαιοσύνη[The] righteousnessN-NSFγὰρforCONJθεοῦof GodN-GSM-TἐνinPREPαὐτῷitP-DSNἀποκαλύπτεταιis revealedV-PPI-3SἐκfromPREPπίστεωςfaithN-GSFεἰςtoPREPπίστιν,faithN-ASFκαθὼςeven asCONJγέγραπται·it has been written:V-RPI-3SὉ<the>T-NSMδὲAndCONJδίκαιοςthe righteousA-NSMἐκbyPREPπίστεωςfaithN-GSFζήσεται.will live.V-FDI-3S
Romans 1:18 · The wrath of God revealed from heaven
18The wrath of God is being revealed from heaven against all the godlessness and wickedness of men who suppress the truth by their wickedness.
ἈποκαλύπτεταιIs revealedV-PPI-3SγὰρforCONJὀργὴ[the] wrathN-NSFθεοῦof GodN-GSM-Tἀπ’fromPREPοὐρανοῦheavenN-GSMἐπὶuponPREPπᾶσανallA-ASFἀσέβειανungodlinessN-ASFκαὶandCONJἀδικίανunrighteousnessN-ASFἀνθρώπωνof menN-GPMτῶν<the>T-GPMτὴνtheT-ASFἀλήθειανtruthN-ASFἐνbyPREPἀδικίᾳunrighteousnessN-DSFκατεχόντων,suppressing,V-PAP-GPM
Romans 1:19–21 · What may be known about God
19For what may be known about God is plain to them, because God has made it plain to them.
διότιbecauseCONJτὸtheT-NSNγνωστὸνknownA-NSNτοῦ<the>T-GSMθεοῦof GodN-GSM-TφανερόνmanifestA-NSNἐστινisV-PAI-3SἐνamongPREPαὐτοῖς,them;P-DPMὁ<the>T-NSMθεὸςGodN-NSM-TγὰρforCONJαὐτοῖςto themP-DPMἐφανέρωσεν.has revealed [it].V-AAI-3S
20For since the creation of the world God’s invisible qualities, His eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly seen, being understood from His workmanship, so that men are without excuse.
τὰTheT-NPNγὰρforCONJἀόραταinvisible qualitiesA-NPNαὐτοῦof HimP-GSMἀπὸfromPREPκτίσεως[the] creationN-GSFκόσμουof [the] worldN-GSMτοῖςby theT-DPNποιήμασινthings madeN-DPNνοούμεναbeing understoodV-PPP-NPNκαθορᾶται,are clearly seen,V-PPI-3SἥtheT-NSFτεbothCONJἀΐδιοςeternalA-NSFαὐτοῦof HimP-GSMδύναμιςpowerN-NSFκαὶandCONJθειότης,divinity,N-NSFεἰςforPREPτὸ<the>T-ASNεἶναιto beV-PANαὐτοὺςthemP-APMἀναπολογήτους,without excuse.A-APM
21For although they knew God, they neither glorified Him as God nor gave thanks to Him, but they became futile in their thinking and darkened in their foolish hearts.
διότιForCONJγνόντεςhaving knownV-2AAP-NPMτὸν<the>T-ASMθεὸνGodN-ASM-TοὐχnotPRT-NὡςasPRTθεὸνGodN-ASM-Tἐδόξασανthey glorified [Him]V-AAI-3PἢorCONJηὐχαρίστησαν,were thankful,V-AAI-3PἀλλὰbutCONJἐματαιώθησανthey became futileV-API-3PἐνinPREPτοῖςtheT-DPMδιαλογισμοῖςthinkingN-DPMαὐτῶνof them,P-GPMκαὶandCONJἐσκοτίσθηwas darkenedV-API-3SἡtheT-NSFἀσύνετοςfoolishA-NSFαὐτῶνof themP-GPMκαρδία·heart;N-NSF
22Although they claimed to be wise, they became fools,
φάσκοντεςProfessingV-PAP-NPMεἶναιto beV-PANσοφοὶwiseA-NPMἐμωράνθησαν,they became foolsV-API-3P
23and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for images of mortal man and birds and animals and reptiles.
καὶandCONJἤλλαξανthey changedV-AAI-3PτὴνtheT-ASFδόξανgloryN-ASFτοῦof theT-GSMἀφθάρτουimmortalA-GSMθεοῦGodN-GSM-TἐνintoPREPὁμοιώματιa likenessN-DSNεἰκόνοςof an imageN-GSFφθαρτοῦof mortalA-GSMἀνθρώπουmanN-GSMκαὶandCONJπετεινῶνbirdsN-GPNκαὶandCONJτετραπόδωνquadrupedsA-GPNκαὶandCONJἑρπετῶν.creeping things.N-GPN
Romans 1:24–28 · "God gave them over"
24Therefore God gave them over in the desires of their hearts to impurity for the dishonoring of their bodies with one another.
ΔιὸThereforeCONJπαρέδωκενgave upV-AAI-3SαὐτοὺςthemP-APMὁ<the>T-NSMθεὸςGodN-NSM-TἐνinPREPταῖςtheT-DPFἐπιθυμίαιςdesiresN-DPFτῶνof theT-GPFκαρδιῶνheartsN-GPFαὐτῶνof themP-GPMεἰςtoPREPἀκαθαρσίανimpurityN-ASFτοῦ<the>T-GSNἀτιμάζεσθαιto dishonorV-PENτὰtheT-APNσώματαbodiesN-APNαὐτῶνof themP-GPMἐνbetweenPREPαὐτοῖς,themselves,P-DPM
25They exchanged the truth of God for a lie, and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is forever worthy of praise! Amen.
οἵτινεςwhoR-NPMμετήλλαξανchangedV-AAI-3PτὴνtheT-ASFἀλήθειανtruthN-ASFτοῦ<the>T-GSMθεοῦof GodN-GSM-TἐνintoPREPτῷtheT-DSNψεύδει,falsehood,N-DSNκαὶandCONJἐσεβάσθησανthey reverencedV-ADI-3PκαὶandCONJἐλάτρευσανthey servedV-AAI-3PτῇtheT-DSFκτίσειcreated thingN-DSFπαρὰbeyondPREPτὸνthe [One]T-ASMκτίσαντα,having created [it],V-AAP-ASMὅςwhoR-NSMἐστινisV-PAI-3SεὐλογητὸςblessedA-NSMεἰςtoPREPτοὺςtheT-APMαἰῶνας·ages!N-APMἀμήν.Amen.INJ-HEB
26For this reason God gave them over to dishonorable passions. Even their women exchanged natural relations for unnatural ones.
Διὰ τοῦτο παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς ὁ θεὸς εἰς πάθη ἀτιμίας· αἵ τε γὰρ θήλειαι αὐτῶν μετήλλαξαν τὴν φυσικὴν χρῆσιν εἰς τὴν παρὰ φύσιν,
ΔιὰBecause ofPREPτοῦτοthisD-ASNπαρέδωκενgave upV-AAI-3SαὐτοὺςthemP-APMὁ<the>T-NSMθεὸςGodN-NSM-TεἰςtoPREPπάθηpassionsN-APNἀτιμίας·of dishonor;N-GSFαἵ<the>T-NPFτεEvenCONJγὰρforCONJθήλειαιfemalesA-NPFαὐτῶνof themP-GPMμετήλλαξανchangedV-AAI-3PτὴνtheT-ASFφυσικὴνnaturalA-ASFχρῆσινuseN-ASFεἰςintoPREPτὴνthatT-ASFπαρὰcontrary toPREPφύσιν,nature,N-ASF
27Likewise, the men abandoned natural relations with women and burned with lust for one another. Men committed indecent acts with other men and received in themselves the due penalty for their error.
ὁμοίωςLikewiseADVτεthenCONJκαὶalsoCONJοἱtheT-NPMἄρσενεςmalesA-NPMἀφέντεςhaving leftV-2AAP-NPMτὴνtheT-ASFφυσικὴνnaturalA-ASFχρῆσινuseN-ASFτῆςof theT-GSFθηλείαςfemaleA-GSFἐξεκαύθησανwere inflamedV-API-3PἐνinPREPτῇtheT-DSFὀρέξειdesireN-DSFαὐτῶνof themP-GPMεἰςtowardPREPἀλλήλους,one another,C-APMἄρσενεςmalesA-NPMἐνwithPREPἄρσεσινmalesA-DPMτὴνtheT-ASFἀσχημοσύνηνshameN-ASFκατεργαζόμενοιworking out,V-PNP-NPMκαὶandCONJτὴνtheT-ASFἀντιμισθίανrecompenseN-ASFἣνwhichR-ASFἔδειwas fittingV-IAI-3Sτῆςof theT-GSFπλάνηςerrorN-GSFαὐτῶνof themP-GPMἐνinPREPἑαυτοῖςthemselvesF-3DPMἀπολαμβάνοντες.receiving.V-PAP-NPM
28Furthermore, since they did not see fit to acknowledge God, He gave them up to a depraved mind, to do what ought not to be done.
ΚαὶAndCONJκαθὼςeven asCONJοὐκnotPRT-Nἐδοκίμασανthey did see fitV-AAI-3Pτὸν<the>T-ASMθεὸνGodN-ASM-Tἔχεινto haveV-PANἐνin [their]PREPἐπιγνώσει,knowledge,N-DSFπαρέδωκενgave upV-AAI-3SαὐτοὺςthemP-APMὁ<the>T-NSMθεὸςGodN-NSM-TεἰςtoPREPἀδόκιμονa depravedA-ASMνοῦν,mindN-ASMποιεῖνto doV-PANτὰthe [things]T-APNμὴnotPRT-Nκαθήκοντα,being proper,V-PAP-APN
Romans 1:29–32 · The vice list and the verdict
29They have become filled with every kind of wickedness, evil, greed, and depravity. They are full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, and malice. They are gossips,
πεπληρωμένουςfilled withV-RPP-APMπάσῃallA-DSFἀδικίᾳunrighteousnessN-DSFπονηρίᾳwickedness,N-DSFπλεονεξίᾳcovetousness,N-DSFκακίᾳ,malice,N-DSFμεστοὺςfullA-APMφθόνουof envy,N-GSMφόνουmurder,N-GSMἔριδοςstrife,N-GSFδόλουdeceit,N-GSMκακοηθείας,maliciousness,N-GSFψιθυριστάς,gossipsN-APM
30slanderers, God-haters, insolent, arrogant, and boastful. They invent new forms of evil; they disobey their parents.
καταλάλους,slanderers,A-APMθεοστυγεῖς,hateful to God,A-APMὑβριστάς,insolentN-APMὑπερηφάνους,arrogant,A-APMἀλαζόνας,boastful,N-APMἐφευρετὰςinventorsN-APMκακῶν,of evil things,A-GPNγονεῦσινto parentsN-DPMἀπειθεῖς,disobedient,A-APM
31They are senseless, faithless, heartless, merciless.
ἀσυνέτους,foolish,A-APMἀσυνθέτους,untrustworthy,A-APMἀστόργους,heartlessA-APMἀνελεήμονας·unmerciful,A-APM
32Although they know God’s righteous decree that those who do such things are worthy of death, they not only continue to do these things, but also approve of those who practice them.
οἵτινεςwhoR-NPMτὸtheT-ASNδικαίωμαrighteous decreeN-ASNτοῦ<the>T-GSMθεοῦof GodN-GSM-Tἐπιγνόντες,having knownV-2AAP-NPMὅτιthatCONJοἱthoseT-NPMτὰsuchT-APNτοιαῦταthingsD-APNπράσσοντεςdoingV-PAP-NPMἄξιοιworthyA-NPMθανάτουof deathN-GSMεἰσίν,are,V-PAI-3PοὐnotPRT-NμόνονonlyA-ASNαὐτὰthemP-APNποιοῦσινthey are practicingV-PAI-3PἀλλὰbutCONJκαὶalsoCONJσυνευδοκοῦσινthey are approvingV-PAI-3Pτοῖςof thoseT-DPMπράσσουσιν.practicing [them].V-PAP-DPM