Manuscript lens · variant unit
Rom 13:1 — οὖσαι / οὖσαι ἐξουσίαι
Rom 13:1 · reading in
Byzantine · RP2018 text for Rom 13:1 is not in the library yet.
BSB: “Everyone must submit himself to the governing authorities, for there is no authority except that which is from God. The authorities that exist have been appointed by God.”
Byzantine · RP2018: Maurice A. Robinson and William G. Pierpont, The New Testament in the Original Greek: Byzantine Textform 2018. Public domain (Unlicense). · BSB (public domain)
Printed reading
οὖσαι
ousai
the existing ones (αἱ δὲ οὖσαι, no noun)
ℵ · A · B · D* · F · G · d · e · f · g · vg · cop · arm · aeth · go · John of Damascus · Irenaeus (Lat.) · Didymus (Lat.) · Ambrosiaster
SBLGNTWHTregNA28 🔒︎
Alternative 1
οὖσαι ἐξουσίαι
ousai exousiai
the existing authorities (noun added)
Dc · E · L · P · syr · Origen · Chrysostom · Theodoret · Theophylact · Oecumenius
ByzTR
Witnesses by century
Witness-dates timeline: pending sourcing. The dates are not yet backed by a sourced witness registry, so the timeline is hidden; the witnesses for each reading are listed above.