Manuscript lens · variant unit
Rom 13:3 — τῷ κακῷ / τῶν κακῶν
Rom 13:3 · reading in
Byzantine · RP2018 text for Rom 13:3 is not in the library yet.
BSB: “For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Do you want to be unafraid of the one in authority? Then do what is right, and you will have his approval.”
Byzantine · RP2018: Maurice A. Robinson and William G. Pierpont, The New Testament in the Original Greek: Byzantine Textform 2018. Public domain (Unlicense). · BSB (public domain)
Printed reading
τῷ κακῷ
tō kakō
to bad conduct (dative singular)
ℵ · A · B · D* · F · G · P · d · e · f · g · vg · cop · go · aeth · John of Damascus · Irenaeus (Lat.) · Tertullian · Origen (Lat.) · Ambrosiaster
SBLGNTWHTregNA28 🔒︎
Alternative 1
τῶν κακῶν
tōn kakōn
of bad things (genitive plural)
Dc · E · L · syr · arm · Chrysostom · Theodoret
ByzTR
Witnesses by century
Witness-dates timeline: pending sourcing. The dates are not yet backed by a sourced witness registry, so the timeline is hidden; the witnesses for each reading are listed above.