Manuscript lens · variant unit

Rom 5:1 — ἔχομεν / ἔχωμεν

Rom 5:1 · reading in

Δικαιωθέντες οὖν ἐκ πίστεως εἰρήνην ἔχομεν πρὸς τὸν θεὸν διὰ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ

BSB: “Therefore, since we have been justified through faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ,”

TR · Scrivener 1894: F. H. A. Scrivener, The New Testament in the Original Greek according to the Text followed in the Authorised Version (1894); public domain. Accents: "STEP Bible" (https://www.STEPBible.org). Data created by www.STEPBible.org based on work at Tyndale House Cambridge, CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Accents rebuilt by AISBT from STEP Bible TAGNT (data). · BSB (public domain)

Printed reading

εἰρήνην ἔχομεν πρὸς τὸν θεόν

eirēnēn echomen pros ton theon

we have peace with God

ℵa · B3 · Fgr · Ggr · P · syr^p · Didymus · Epiphanius · Cyril (some works) · Sedulius

SBLGNTNA28 🔒︎ByzTR

Alternative 1

εἰρήνην ἔχωμεν πρὸς τὸν θεόν

eirēnēn echōmen pros ton theon

let us have (enjoy) peace with God

ℵ* · A · B* · C · D · E · K · L · it^d · it^e · it^f · it^g · vg · syrsch · cop · arm · aeth · Origen (Lat.) · Titus of Bostra · Chrysostom · Euthalius · Cyril · Theodoret · John of Damascus · Ambrosiaster

WHTreg

Witnesses by century

Witness-dates timeline: pending sourcing. The dates are not yet backed by a sourced witness registry, so the timeline is hidden; the witnesses for each reading are listed above.

Decision

✓ Approved

Printed: εἰρήνην ἔχομεν πρὸς τὸν θεόν
Confidence: low (team scale)
Significance: meaning
Byz / TR: εἰρήνην ἔχομεν πρὸς τὸν θεόν — open RP2018

Uncertain Print SBLGNT's ἔχομεν with low confidence. The external evidence favors ἔχωμεν: ℵ* A B* C D, the early versions, and most Fathers. The indicative is kept on internal grounds, because 5:1–11 states facts that follow from justification, and the two vowels were easily confused. On either reading the peace rests on being justified; ἔχωμεν urges the justified to live in it. On καυχώμεθα in 5:2–3, which can be read either way, see note.language.Rom.5.1-Rom.5.5.echomen-kauchometha-agape.

Evidence

6 sources

Editions (checked 2026-10-30): SBLGNT, RP2018, TR (local files); WH/Treg/NA28 from the SBLGNT apparatus; NA28 by reference only. Sigla: as in STYLE_GUIDE §2.3. Minuscules are Gregory–Aland numbers, with Tischendorf's Pauline number once in parentheses ("Tisch."); * = first hand, superscript ᶜ (stored as c, e.g. Dc) = a later corrector (Tischendorf's notation); full key in src.tischendorf-8. Minuscules whose Gregory–Aland number is not verified are summarized, not listed. Witnesses are listed only where Tischendorf names them.

SBLGNT, NA28, RP2018, and TR read ἔχομεν; WH, Treg, and Tischendorf 8 (p. 385) read ἔχωμεν.

Manuscripts (Tischendorf 8, vol. 2 (1872), p. 385, leaf n392): ἔχωμεν: ℵ* A B* C D E K L and about thirty others, the Latin d e f g and vg, syrsch, cop, arm, aeth, Origen (Lat.), Titus of Bostra, Chrysostom, Euthalius, Cyril, Theodoret, John of Damascus, Ambrosiaster. ἔχομεν: ℵa B3, the Greek of F G, P, many others, syr^p, Didymus, Epiphanius, Cyril (some works), Sedulius. Tischendorf judges the external evidence for ἔχωμεν far stronger and prints it.

Internal: ο and ω were pronounced alike, so either form could arise in copying or dictation (16:22). The indicative fits 5:1–11, which states what the justified have: access, a standing in grace (5:2), reconciliation (5:10–11). A call to "have" a peace that 5:10 says God has made is harder to fit; the subjunctive is read as "let us enjoy peace."

SBLGNT CC BY 4.0 RP2018 Unlicense TR (Scrivener 1894) public domain Tischendorf⁸ public domain 🔒︎ NA28 Copyrighted Bible Scholarship & Tool CC BY 4.0

Rom 5:1 — ἔχομεν / ἔχωμεν

Rom 5:1 · reading in

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